I went to borrow books yesterday. It was a coincidence. I hadn't originally intended to look for Mosori's collection of essays, but when I was browsing around, I saw a book about him and decided to borrow it. I haven't finished it yet, but I'll take notes after I finish it.
Let’s watch something else today, hahahaha
A brief look at the rise and fall of the Ming Dynasty, just looking at the money first, without looking at the personal struggles and political events, shows that the demise has a long history and reasons. You know, fighting a war is expensive. The war in Liaodong cost a lot of money in the past. Where did the money come from?
Generally, it is to increase revenue and reduce expenditure, which means "reducing the expenditure of money, outflow and increasing new income channels" as the name suggests. First, let's look at increasing revenue. In the late Ming Dynasty, there were three taxes: Liao, Suppression and Training. Every year, up to 20 million taels of silver were collected and handed over, but military expenditures were still not enough. The circulation process is unknown, but it is an opportunity to plunder. The people suffered for years and lived in poverty. Let's look at saving expenditure. Layoffs saved salary expenses, but only 680,000 taels of silver were saved. The people were overtaxed and suffered from famine. According to some records, it was because a post station clerk named Li was also laid off at that time, and he began to rebel. Looking closely at Li's background, the uprising may not only be caused by layoffs. Li is from Shaanxi. He doesn't like reading and is aggressive by nature. He used to make a living by working at the post station. He lost his job due to layoffs, was sued for owing money, and was paraded and tortured. The injuries aroused his animal nature, and he raped the scholar who owed him money. When he was detained, his wife was unruly and he raped her later. He was carrying 2 RMs on his back, not only because he had nothing to eat due to layoffs, but also because it triggered a "series of things" later.

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In random interviews after the E-war, many Germans even missed the NC Germany before the war, because the economic development had improved and the unemployment rate had decreased. After the Y-war, the German economy plummeted due to the world economic crisis and the unemployment rate increased a lot, but due to the development of NC, the German economy has become better.
In the five years after the NC came to power, the number of unemployed people in Germany dropped to 1 million, and the entire NC government promoted social welfare and organized people to participate in welfare vacations, which many people later missed and was also the NC's economic miracle.

I've read about the working class and movements in the social structure of Britain in Europe these past couple of days. I'm quite interested in its formation, etc. I made some notes about it. It's not very popular, hahaha.
The Industrial Revolution in Britain was roughly between 1760 and 1830, and it laid the foundation for the "Empire on which the Sun Never Sets". This was a relatively important period. The Industrial Revolution gave a huge boost to human progress and was of historic significance.
Most people understand the basic concepts of the Industrial Revolution. Let's take a look at what class is and how it is formed. Generally speaking, the working class is essentially "poor" and is exploited and oppressed by capitalists, forming an opposition to the bourgeoisie. The vested interests of the working class are different from those of others and are in opposition to the interests of others. In a sense, it is the formation of resonance, common interests and enemies. But when the interests are consistent but the consciousness is not consistent, there is no common relationship, no overall connection, or some kind of political and social organization. In other words, the definition of class is not only the consistency of interests, but also the need for psychological and conscious consistency.

There is a conceptual word called "field". Generally speaking, when you go to a supermarket, you want to buy food; when you go to a game console, you want to play games; when you go to a library, you want to read books, and so on. It will also trigger a series of behaviors and fantasies. Libraries, study rooms or offices are usually associated with work and study, while home is associated with rest.
"Field" is also a specific environment that triggers a series of behaviors. When you arrive in this environment, you will naturally do something, just like being summoned by some force. People are more sensitive. When you cultivate your own environmental field, the more details you have, the stronger the power of the field will be, and it will also produce psychological hints.

After the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, the US dollar began to fall. What should be done? Some economists proposed to restore the gold standard. European countries also hoped to take the opportunity to expand the influence of their own currencies.

In the 1970s, the collapse of the Bretton Woods system and the subsequent global economic turmoil formed a complex background. In the same year when the system was declared over, the world faced a serious oil crisis, with oil prices soaring three times in just six months. The crisis first hit the Western world, especially European countries, which were forced to deal with soaring oil prices and had no spare energy to promote the internationalization of their own currencies.

How did the monetary system come into being after World War II? Before the U.S. dollar became a hard currency, international trade was initially conducted with the help of precious metals, most notably gold. There is a familiar concept called the "gold standard". In the 19th century, paper money was issued, and the face value was required to be linked to a certain weight of gold. There were "gold pounds" and "gold francs", and gold and paper money were exchangeable. The gold standard existed for about 60 years.
When gold took on a different meaning and became valuable, many people smelled the way to get rich by mining gold and developing foreign trade to obtain foreign exchange linked to gold. You may be confused when you hear this. The pros and cons of foreign trade, "surplus" and "deficit" are full of news every day. In the era of the gold standard, the government's strategy for dealing with these fluctuations was laissez-faire. Trade deficits lead to the loss of gold, which naturally reduces the money supply and reduces prices. This reduces export costs, improves the competitiveness of domestic goods, and the deficit is alleviated. The government often does not interfere with this natural adjustment process, nor does it ask about unemployment and bankruptcy.

People will also get used to the harsh environment, and the corrosion invasion will be endless.
Some journalists have interviewed German people about their Nazi period. They believe that the years from 1933 to 1939 were the best time of their lives and were not evil. If Hezbollah had started killing people as soon as he came to power, perhaps people would not accept it.
A few days ago, I also wrote about how Xi was pushed onto the Z car to conquer the world.
It was probably in January 1933 when Helmut Scheherazade came to power, and in April 1933, the German government called on the public to boycott Jewish businesses. At first, there was nothing much, but there was some anti-Semitic sentiment.

When humans and animals realize that they have no control over their surroundings or what might happen, they begin to think, feel, or act in a passive and helpless manner.
This phenomenon is called learned helplessness, and it is not an inherent trait; no human or animal is born with the idea or belief that they can lose control of their environment at any time. It is a learned behavior that develops over time through a series of experiences in which an individual is unable to control their circumstances, or believes that they lack control.

When talking about the cause of the outbreak of World War II, perhaps everyone will subconsciously think that it is the product of the Great Depression. Some people may think that it is mainly a Jewish problem, so the economic crisis in Europe and the world caused it, which intensified the contradictions and led to the rise of the NC Party. But things are far from that simple. About a hundred years earlier, the Great Depression caused by the stock market crash in the United States in 1929 was very serious, but it did not reach the point of being out of control. Countries were already in a very depressed state, so the Great Depression exacerbated the global economic crisis, but it was not the fuse.

Do you know the origin of money? It originated from barter. Simply put, as society develops, people exchange what they need for what they need. For example, farmers’ production advantage is food, but they are not good at meat, poultry and clothing. However, they can exchange food for other things they need. This is the early "barter". However, with development, there will be inequality, shortages, and information gaps. In this case, a social medium will appear, which is money.
Currency can be food, silk products, gold and silver, or even stone. On a small island in the Pacific Ocean, because there are no other resources such as gold and silver, and because stones are difficult to transport, stones are used as currency. Wealth is determined by how many stones you have. It is not determined by how many fish you catch. For people in different environments, what value will stones have. So what is the essence of currency? My understanding is that it is a kind of "credit", a credit endorsement of services used by a country to develop economic development.

Long, long ago, in the East, a monarch asked King Solomon for a motto that would apply to both good and bad times.
King Solomon considered for a moment and gave the monarch a motto:
“This too shall pass.

This phrase "This too shall pass" applies not only to success and failure, passion and regret, but also to good times and bad times. No matter what situation you are facing, it reminds us that time will heal everything, and even in difficult times, we must believe that all this will eventually pass.

So whether you are unhappy with your current life, want to change jobs, move, or leave a relationship, don’t worry about adapting to the new environment. Even if the current situation is not over, our mentality is gradually adapting.

There was a boy named Jonah. He was smart, but he had a small physical defect that made him unconfident: he was born without a little toe on his right foot. Jonah was afraid that others would laugh at him, so he had to take various measures to cover it up. For example, he didn't dare to go into the water during swimming lessons; in summer, he didn't dare to wear sandals. But how can you make these behaviors look natural?
Jonah began to tell all kinds of little lies. For example, he had a cold today, so he couldn't go swimming. Or his cat chewed up his sandals, so he had to wear sneakers.

In ancient times, widely accepted, easy to preserve, and highly liquid commodities played the role of money, which is reflected in linguistics. For example, the English word "capital" comes from the Latin word for "cattle," and "salary" comes from the Latin word for "salt." The origins of these words reflect the fact that cattle and salt were used as physical currency in ancient times, and these commodities are collectively referred to as "physical currency." Physical currency has a long history, and new archaeological research even shows that early humans even widely exchanged stone tools.