The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change set a 2030 goal of 50% worldwide carbon reduction as a first step to limit global warming to 1.5°C, above which even more devastating impacts of climate change are expected. The Paris Climate Agreement, agreed to by 196 countries in 2015, set out a less ambitious plan to limit greenhouse gas emissions to limit global warming to 2.0°C, but progress towards this weak goal was not made. In 2021, global greenhouse gas emissions were at an all-time high. Recent profitability trends show greater risks in a relatively short time period. Figure 2 shows this. The reward per tera-hash in US dollars is shown in this plot. Rewards see highs of the order of 0.45 USD/TH/day and lows of the order of 0.1 USD/yr in 2022, a difference of more than four times. However, even a low reward rate of 0.1 USD/TH/day for the world's best mining technology—currently the Antminer S19 XP-Hydro (255 Th/)—results in a modest return over a year on a mining investment.In line with the desire to reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, the United Nations has set a goal of achieving sustainability with equality. With more than 2 billion people without access to a reliable energy-driven economic engine, there are many opportunities to integrate equity issues into potential solutions for developing countries.Bitcoin BasicsBitcoin is a decentralized form of cryptocurrency, relying on a peer-to-peer network so-called blockchain to record transactions. It is not tied to any regulatory authority. Blockchain is associated with a so-called hash function, which provides a unique record and authenticates each financial transaction. When each transaction is verified as unique, it is sent to join other transition “blocks.” At this stage, it becomes impossible to modify. Blockchain represents a collection of these blocks.Blockchain uses many volunteer computer servers to validate Bitcoin network transactions based on cryptography. This transaction is said to be irreversible. They cannot be canceled or changed.All Bitcoin transactions are documented and made public, although the people involved in processing the transactions are anonymous. It is nearly impossible to hack the system, unlike the data breaches increasingly seen with traditional financial transaction companies. When Bitcoins are bought, sold, or otherwise transacted, no personal information (passwords, credit card numbers, addresses, etc.) is transmitted. In the Bitcoin network, each computer/server that performs the hash is called a node, of which there are now more than 100,000 around the world, thereby ensuring resilience. If one of the nodes fails, one of the others can perform the required function. Data security is ensured by the fact that someone interested in hacking the system for information does not know which node or nodes will be called for a particular hash. Other cryptocurrencies are not tied to hardware processing (and thus energy use) and are generally considered less secure than Bitcoin. It is for this reason that Bitcoin continues to be the dominant cryptocurrency in the world. Bitcoin has been suggested to be an equalizing economic force for the world. Upon its founding, it was hailed as “offering a vision of money free from the control of central banks and intermediaries.” The place of the dollar and RMDs as currencies of exchange around the world favors the monetary policies of, respectively, the US and China. This lack of currency holdings is particularly important for developing countries, where many borrowers borrow heavily using US currency even with non-US lenders. That so much debt around the world is in US dollar terms makes US Fed policy more forceful internationally than it would otherwise be. The Bitcoin currency, by contrast, would not, at least theoretically, confer privileges on countries atop the financial hierarchy. Others have suggested that Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies could become more straightforward assets for the poor. The total amount of money that crosses national borders is significantly 'taxed' by banks for money transfer services. This tax is called remittance. According to a World Bank report, around USD 630 billion worth of remittances are paid annually worldwide. Additionally, taxes on remittance prices have been documented to exceed 16% [25]. Even when loans are accessible and lenders meet all credit requirements, small business loans often have interest rates greater than 20 percent. Therefore the UN Sustainable Development Goals have set a 2030 target for remittances below 3 percent. Bitcoin mining profitability What does 138 terawatt-hours per year for mining $BTC worldwide mean in terms of the economic value that can be gained from Bitcoin mining? This annual energy demand is associated with worldwide power requirements of 15.7 GW. This immense power translates into a worldwide Bitcoin hash rate of 200 EH/s. Given the price of BTC (December 1, 2022), this translates to approximately 9 billion USD/year in total revenue, assuming no energy costs. At 0.05 USD/kWh, the total revenue earned is 6.07 billion USD/year. At 0.10 USD/kWh, the total annual revenue earned is just over USD 3 billion. The revenue earned per hash, however, has been declining. That mining profitability per hash has decreased significantly since 2015 is clear. At the same time, mining energy efficiency has improved rapidly over the same time. The latest and greatest miner, the Antminer S19 XP-Hydro has a documented energy efficiency of 27,000 MH/Joule. Thus, while mining profitability per hash has decreased, energy usage per hash has decreased even more. Thus, the cost to mine, assuming little change in energy costs over this time, has also decreased. Mining profitability, to date, may be as strong as ever. Recent profitability trends suggest greater risks over a relatively short period of time. The reward per tera-hash in US dollars is shown in this plot. Rewards see highs of the order of 0.45 USD/TH/day and lows of the order of 0.1 USD/yr in 2022, a difference of more than four times. However, even a low return rate of 0.1 USD/TH/day for the world's best mining technology—currently the Antminer S19 XP-Hydro (255 Th/)—results in a modest return over a year on a mining investment.The future market for mining is likely safe. Erasing the big drop in 2021 when the Chinese government banned Bitcoin mining in China overnight, one can see a consistent increase in the world's total hash rate over time. Plus, the development of the Lightning Network was critical to allowing Bitcoin to emerge as a vehicle for financial transactions. Essentially, this network enables millions of two-party financial exchanges at any time. Additionally, it allows transactions between parties that are not on the blockchain network. Lastly, like Bitcoin itself, the network relies on miners' blockchain to process transactions. Thus, it offers transparency, permanent documentation and anonymity. However, these benefits do come with some risks from hacking. These networks have enabled greater adoption of Bitcoin payment transaction channels. Twitter, Starbucks, Twitch, Whole Foods, Microsoft, Wikipedia, AT&T, Overstock, PayPal, Home Depot, Burger King, KFC, Subway, Pizza Hut, Virgin Galactic, and AMC are among the early adopters of Bitcoin as a payment agent. This trend almost guarantees greater adoption and thus increased need for mining.Yuk share like then come guys #bitcoin #mining

Financial markets are considered to be one of the most complex systems that we observe in our world. Not only are they characterized by all the properties that such systems can typically exhibit, but there are also important intelligent components involved that are strictly responsible for their enormous complexity. Among the well-known features of financial markets is their flexibility in transitions between irregular and regular phases. Such transitions are a key feature associated with market crashes but are also frequently observed at the market-wide level when several so far independent markets begin to have their dynamics substantially merged (or vice versa). This kind of phenomenon has recently been experienced by the cryptocurrency market, which has lost its relative dynamic autonomy and become closely tied to traditional financial instruments. In this work, we present quantitative arguments to support this statement.Artikel lainnyaSince Bitcoin's inception in 2009, the cryptocurrency market has experienced a rapid surge. While it used to be niche and traded informally in its early years, trading now takes place 24/7 on over 500 exchanges. The current cryptocurrency market capitalization (October 2022) is around 1 trillion USD, which is comparable to the largest US technology stocks. During Bitcoin's 12-year history, there have been bubbles and crashes. In particular, the foundation of Ethereum in 2015, which enabled new applications of blockchain technology in the form of smart contracts, and the subsequent Initial Coin Offering bubble in 2018 reshaped the cryptocurrency market and brought it into the public eye. The recent bubble in 2021, associated with the adoption of DeFi (Decentralized Finance) and DEX (Decentralized Exchange) trading, ended with a peak in November 2021, when the total market capitalization approached 3 trillion dollars. Although there are more than 10.000 cryptocurrencies [3], Bitcoin and Ethereum are currently the best known, and their share in the capitalization of the entire market went from more than 80% at the beginning of 2021 to 60% in October 2022.Over these 12 years of development, the characteristics of the cryptocurrency market have changed significantly. The time series properties of cryptocurrency price returns are now close to those observed in mature financial markets such as Forex. However, it has long been believed that cryptocurrency markets, which themselves are highly correlated, especially during the COVID-19 period, have dynamics separate from traditional financial markets and that bitcoin can even serve as a hedge or safe haven with respect to stock markets, Forex or commodity markets. Bitcoin's hedging potential is even compared to gold. However, the results of many recent studies have changed this paradigm. They report that during the COVID-19 pandemic boom and related crash in March 2020, cryptocurrency markets and, in particular, bitcoin were highly correlated with stock market declines. Some studies even note that this relationship is still present in the market recovery phase in the second half of 2020. The studies referenced above have brought somewhat mixed results and have led to uncertainty as to whether cryptocurrencies can be used to hedge financial investments. This uncertainty opens up space for further research on this topic and our research goes exactly in this direction. Our goal is to clarify whether the loss of independence of cryptocurrency markets is temporary and primarily caused by the turmoil of the pandemic or it is simply part of a more general trend towards merging these markets with traditional financial markets. We aim to determine how strongly cryptocurrency price changes are related to price changes in traditional financial markets. To achieve that, the perturbed multiscale correlation of two major cryptocurrencies: bitcoin $BTC and ethereum $ETH versus traditional financial instruments: stock indices, commodities and currency exchange rates was studied based on high-frequency data covering the period from January 2020 to October 2022, which is an extension of the period before 2020 analyzed in our previous research. 2022 is particularly interesting, as since the BTC price peak in November 2021, there has been a concerted bear market in US technology stocks and cryptocurrencies for the first time in the latter's existence. Based on these observations, there will likely be some detectable correlation between the two markets. The year 2022 is also unique in the history of cryptocurrencies due to the presence of high inflation in the world intended to protect Bitcoin. Compared to other articles dealing with the correlation between cryptocurrency markets and traditional financial markets, in our research the main task is to measure this correlation quantitatively on various scales time and for fluctuations of various sizes. This can broaden a market practitioner's perspective on investment and hedging possibilities by including a measure of fluctuation as an additional dimension that may be considered when making investment decisions.#bitcoin #cryptocurrency

Cryptocurrency $ETH is here to stay, $BTC Director of Regional Growth and Operations at Binance. “Web3 and blockchain have proven powerful solutions to drive efficiency, transfer value more effectively, and add layers of trust, transparency, and immutability to any sector, not just finance.” The big challenge in the cryptocurrency space and Web3, namely lack of awareness and knowledge. “With the advent of new technology, there is a tendency for it to become very esoteric, meaning that a very small percentage of the population will come into contact with that new technology. Therefore, education plays an instrumental role to drive mass adoption. He also spoke about the importance of differentiating between novice and expert cryptocurrency users, with Binance serving both segments through its platforms, including Binance Light for newcomers and Binance Pro for experienced investors. Binance $BNB Examining Dubai's role as a leading global cryptocurrency hub, Kalooti points to the significant impact of the global liquidity cycle in the short term, acknowledging its high volatility. However, he said that cryptocurrency's long-term trajectory is shaped by network adoption and regulatory developments. Kalooti noted that entrepreneurs often navigate an uncertain landscape akin to the 'Wild West' when building new cryptocurrency projects. Eventually, regulators stepped in to set rules as these initiatives scaled. Contrary to the idea of ​​replacing Web2, Kalooti further explained that Web3 leverages blockchain technology to increase efficiency and productivity. He also highlighted the increasing attraction of young talent to the cryptocurrency space and the huge capital flowing to innovative entrepreneurs.#BinanceSquare #CryptoInvesting #cryptonews

Non-fungible token (NFT) products are important for industrial applications. In recent years, they have quickly become important in the blockchain field. NFTs are non-fungible tokens that tokenize each product sold, and are units on the blockchain's digital ledger. Each token represents unique digital data. As of early 2021, NFTs have become the first application of blockchain technology to achieve clear public prominence, providing tradable rights to digital assets such as images, music, videos and virtual creations. The concept of NFTs NFTs have developed gradually as many industries have begun to use NFT creatively to increase opportunities for new business innovation in entrepreneurship. However, several studies have been conducted to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different markets for NFTs and NFT product trends. NFT transactions can ensure that ownership of digital assets is recorded in smart contracts on the blockchain. Therefore, NFTs are a form of currency used in trading on the Metaverse. Since the data of each token is unique, people have assurance with respect to products such as paintings, sound recordings and videos purchased on the internet. As a result of the gradual development of NFTs, many creators have begun to create new innovations in entrepreneurship through the creative process of creating NFTs. NFTs give artists and creators a better way to make a living while changing the way we buy, sell, and relate to art. One of the characteristics of NFTs is “non-homogeneity”, which provides buyers with unique digital data, a feature that gives people a guaranteed purchase of all products. Therefore, selling artwork is one of the most important aspects of NFTs, and different trading platforms such as OpenSea, OurSong, and Mintable have emerged on the market. The platform provides a channel for sellers to protect their work and enable them to do their best. NFTNFT features a unique digital identifier based on blockchain technology. Record/validate ownership and authenticity of digital assets. NFT technology makes each item unique and irreplaceable. When a piece of data is traded in the blockchain world, it is available to everyone via a public ledger to tell them who bought the product, the price, and the source of the data. This information constitutes a “block” of several nodes. When many people add data to produce these blocks, it constitutes a “blockchain”. BinanceNFTThe use of blockchain technology makes each NFT a unique set of numbers that cannot be easily modified once recorded.Thus, NFTs provide transparent and irreplaceable proof of transactions NFTs are decentralized applications that enjoy the benefits of an open book containing seven attributes: verification, execution transparency, validity, tamper resistance, availability, atomicity and tradeability. We discuss these attributes in this section. Verification: NFT data and ownership can be publicly verified. Transparent execution: NFT activities including mining, buying and selling are open and transparent. Availability: in an NFT system, the issuance of NFTs and the transactions involving them are always available for sale or purchase without interruption. Tamper resistance: NFT data is permanently archived once a transaction record is created, and transaction confirmations cannot be manipulated again. Usability: each NFT has the most up-to-date, user-friendly and clear ownership information. Atomicity: Transactional NFTs can be settled in atomic, consistent, isolated, and durable transactions, and NFTs can operate in the same co-execution state. Trading: every NFT and its corresponding product can be exchanged and traded arbitrarily.Atomic NFT is the standard for NFTs that can be exchanged across all compatible applications. The Atomic NFT standard can be used to tokenize and create digital tokens to buy, sell, or auction through the marketplace. Users and developers can use networks like the Arweave network to store Atomic NFTs with their contracts and asset information (NFT tokens and metadata) together and make the data permanently available worldwide. Atomicity provides trading capabilities for each NFT and product suitable for arbitrary exchange and formal trading. Come on, those who want to continue discussing about NFTs can like and leave comments. #nft #Crypto2024 #bitcoin