É fim de semana de novo, vamos conversar sobre algo relaxante.
Hoje vi que Huang Renxun evitou com sucesso US$ 8 bilhões em impostos usando políticas. Fiquei curioso para saber como ele fez isso, então procurei informações. Acontece que as ações da Nvidia foram investidas em alguns trustes especiais há muitos anos. Esses trustes foram projetados para desfrutar de políticas fiscais preferenciais. Se o preço das ações do trust subir, apenas uma pequena quantia de imposto será paga sobre a parte crescente.
Como todos sabemos, a NVIDIA tem sido a ação que mais cresceu no planeta nos últimos anos. Huang tomou a decisão certa na época, evitando abertamente bilhões de dólares em impostos. Os Estados Unidos são um país com uma tributação particularmente rigorosa, mas as pessoas ricas ainda usam vários métodos engenhosos para evitar impostos legalmente.
A few days ago, there was something I didn't write about; it was Buffett's plan for his estate after his death, where 0.5% goes directly to his three children, each receiving $250 million. The remaining 99.5% will be used to establish a charitable foundation, which will be jointly managed by the three children.
Many readers recognize a charitable foundation as a common tactic among American billionaires, and indeed it is. The estate tax rate in the US is 40%, and Buffett cannot simply let his children inherit his estate; otherwise, it would be a disaster for Berkshire and the US stock market, as this would mean 40% of Buffett's stocks would need to be sold on the market. Given the negative impact of his death, you can imagine what would happen to the US stock market.
The best way is to donate all the stocks to the charitable foundation, which operates under the regulation that this foundation must allocate 5% annually for charitable purposes. As long as the fund is well-managed, its value will appreciate by more than 5% each year. For example, if you invested in the S&P 500 index over the past 50 years, the compound annual return rate was 10.34%, so it’s possible that 20 or 30 years later, the scale of the fund will actually increase.
Buffett's three children, as fund managers, can decide the direction of the 5% charitable spending each year, which equates to inheriting and controlling this massive estate in another form. This is a common arrangement for wealthy Americans regarding large inheritances.
The government is certainly aware of this situation, but from the perspective of comprehensive game theory, they have chosen not to interfere. Because if the estate tax is too harsh, it will scare wealthy individuals away, ultimately leading to capital outflow, which is not worth the cost. It's better to have each wealthy individual leave behind a charitable foundation managed by one child upon their death, with 5% flowing back to society every year, a solution that is acceptable to both the wealthy and the public.
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Also, there was a comment last night that many readers asked about, regarding the USDT standard and farming in DeFi.
First, let me explain the USDT standard: USDT refers to USD, the US dollar. Typically, those who follow the USDT standard hold the vast majority of their positions in USD, keeping their cryptocurrency holdings to a minimum to avoid losses caused by price fluctuations. The purpose of the USDT standard is to earn as many US dollars as possible.
Corresponding to the USDT standard is the cryptocurrency standard, usually held by some deeply believing investors who are firmly convinced of a long-term bull market in the next 20 or 30 years. Their investment purpose is to hoard as many cryptocurrencies as possible.
You may find it difficult to understand the latter, but I have indeed seen quite a few people like this, whose personal assets are 97-98% in cryptocurrencies, even very little in USDT. In reality, they rent a house and keep a few hundred thousand for daily expenses, while hoarding wealth in cryptocurrencies amounting to tens of millions. You might think this kind of wealth allocation is too crazy, but they feel very secure this way. I do not judge right or wrong; I can only say that everyone's perception will determine the path they take.
As for farming in DeFi, to elaborate, it would take about 500,000 to 1,000,000 words to explain it thoroughly, so I will only provide a rough explanation today. DeFi stands for Decentralized Finance, which translates to decentralized finance.
Specifically, it refers to withdrawing cryptocurrency assets from exchanges to the blockchain, where there are various financial protocols such as lending, exchanges, staking, re-staking, liquidity pools, options trading, and minting tools. By participating in these protocols with your own assets, you will receive various returns; this process is what I refer to as farming, which is actually investment and wealth management.
The experience of DeFi is somewhat like playing a web game, where you go to various protocols every day to collect earnings, which is like harvesting crops, except that what you collect is not game currency but real cash that can be converted into money.
The advantage of DeFi is that the returns are higher than traditional finance, and the downside is that the risks are significant. You need to know that the anonymous network is like a jungle society; 100% of those who actively talk to you in the community have ulterior motives. In three years of playing, I have encountered 3-4 hacking incidents, and my own wallet was attacked once. Rationally speaking, more than 95% of people are not suitable for this and cannot play.
That's all for today; have a great weekend, everyone.