The highest-performing EVM L1 blockchain.
Understand Monad in 60 seconds
Reconstructed EVM
Redesigning EVM from scratch
Monad redesigned Ethereum's consensus and execution system in C++, achieving high performance while maintaining full compatibility with EVM bytecode and Ethereum RPC API.
How Monad is achieved?
To address bottlenecks in EVM execution and enhance blockchain scalability, Monad introduces a fully customized tech stack, focusing on parallel processing and efficient state management.
The following four key architectural innovations aim to address the limitations of existing Ethereum-compatible blockchains:
Optimistic Parallel Execution: Monad executes multiple transactions simultaneously, assuming the initial state remains consistent, thereby increasing throughput. Consistency is ensured by re-executing conflicting transactions.
MonadBFT consensus mechanism: A Byzantine Fault Tolerance consensus mechanism based on HotStuff, reducing the communication phase from three rounds to two, advancing rounds with actual network latency, and improving performance. This consensus mechanism only requires moderate hardware, making it easy for anyone to run a node.
Asynchronous Execution (deferred execution): By decoupling consensus from execution, Monad allows the entire block time to be used for transaction processing rather than interleaving execution during the consensus process, greatly enhancing the network's computational bandwidth.
MonadDB: A custom state database optimized for EVM storage patterns. Unlike traditional databases, MonadDB directly stores Merkle Patricia Trie structures on disk, reducing overhead and achieving efficient parallel state access.
What is Monad?
The highest-performing EVM L1 blockchain
Monad offers the key combination of performance, portability, and decentralization.
High performance: Achieving 10,000 transactions per second (TPS), 1-second block time, and single-slot finality.
Portability: Monad is 100% EVM compatible.
Decentralization: Monad nodes have low hardware requirements to ensure the network remains decentralized.
Seamless onboarding, excellent scalability
Monad is 100% compatible with EVM, and gas fees are nearly zero. You can use the same tools, applications, libraries, and address space to enjoy revolutionary performance improvements and reduced costs!
Why choose Monad?
Why develop on Monad
Achieving 1000 times Ethereum's performance in under 5 minutes: Monad is fully compatible with EVM and can quickly integrate with existing architectures.
The power of community support: We firmly believe that the community is the strongest engine for growth. Deploying on Monad allows you to leap from 0 to 1 in an instant.
Decentralization and censorship resistance: Security and decentralization are crucial. We never compromise these core values while ensuring high scalability.
Born for large-scale applications: Gas fees below one cent and high throughput mean that as users grow rapidly, Monad can still handle your traffic needs with ease.
The 'why' behind Monad's design
Why Monad positions itself as an EVM public chain
Monad chooses a Layer-1 blockchain architecture with the aim of optimizing every aspect of the entire tech stack to achieve the three core goals of decentralization, high performance, and low cost.
As a Layer-1 blockchain, it requires a Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) consensus mechanism that can maintain synchronization among globally distributed nodes even when some nodes behave maliciously. The consensus mechanism allows nodes to check each other and jointly validate new blocks. While building Layer-2 is simpler in many ways, it has a significant impact on the decentralization and censorship resistance of the blockchain.
As a Layer-1 blockchain, Monad can optimize and coordinate various aspects of the stack. The consensus and execution mechanisms (and the logic that interacts between them) are built from the ground up.
For an in-depth discussion on this topic, see: Monad vs. Rollups
Why EVM compatibility is important
Monad embraces EVM compatibility, as the Ethereum ecosystem has strong network effects. EVM is the mainstream standard for smart contracts, with most existing dApps, developer tools, and research focused in this environment, holding over 90% of on-chain capital. The EVM developer community has the strongest and most active talent in the blockchain space.
Monad allows developers to avoid choosing between performance and portability. Developers can build applications for Monad, enjoying the advantages of high performance and low costs while ensuring broad compatibility across most major ecosystems.
Why Monad is the best choice for large-scale applications
Monad focuses architecturally on native decentralization and scalability, ensuring it unlocks new possibilities for blockchain development. Monad's mission is to support large-scale decentralized applications with minimal hardware requirements while remaining fully compatible with Ethereum. This dual focus—providing high performance and decentralization—will create new opportunities for dApp developers and set new standards for blockchain infrastructure.
Monad's L1 design aims to address the core limitations of blockchain scalability without sacrificing decentralization while aligning with the Ethereum developer community and future research. This architecture provides a different path from Rollups, demonstrating that foundational improvements to the L1 layer are equally crucial for scaling decentralized networks.
Community and large-scale applications
The community is a superpower
The community is a catalyst for large-scale applications
The core of decentralization is to return power to ordinary people, and the community is the superpower of the crypto space.
This is particularly evident in the Monad ecosystem. The Monad community is filled with passion, creativity, and vitality:
Overview of the Monad community
Monad Meme Library
Monad Media Engine
Monad Discord
Community members act as evangelists and early adopters, providing crucial feedback and moral support for developers. The Monad community serves as a powerful growth engine, helping developers achieve the leap from 0 to 1.
Further reading: Community Marketing for Monad Native Applications
Community as a growth catalyst
Monad's strategy is simple and effective: community size and engagement directly drive the dissemination of information. Unlike traditional blockchain projects that treat marketing and community separately, Monad tightly integrates both to ensure that every marketing activity builds and nurtures the Monad community.
The advantages of Monad's community-centered model
Providing developers with an instant user base
Teams building on Monad can tap into a large and active user community eager to adopt new applications. This reduces the need for extensive external marketing, allowing developers to focus on creating impactful products.
Direct interaction without intermediaries
Monad enables application teams to interact directly with users, fostering genuine relationships and enhancing user loyalty. This direct access simplifies the feedback process and accelerates product improvement.
Avoiding formalistic cooperation
Traditional co-marketing often involves superficial cooperation aimed at completing tasks rather than genuine engagement. Monad shifts the focus to meaningful community interaction, ensuring that collaborations bring real value rather than just symbolism. /aside>
Why Monad's success is inevitable
Breaking the blockchain trilemma
One of the major challenges facing the blockchain space is achieving scalability without sacrificing security or decentralization. Current EVM-compatible blockchains (including Ethereum) have limitations in transaction throughput and state access that cannot meet the demands of future global-scale applications.
Focus on convenient access for development talent
Monad's commitment to EVM compatibility is a strategic advantage that cannot be ignored. The vast majority of blockchain developers are already familiar with Solidity and the EVM ecosystem. By ensuring seamless onboarding, Monad lowers the barrier to entry for developers while fostering a strong, talented, and active developer community. This compatibility accelerates the migration of existing dApps to Monad, enhancing the network's utility and application rate.
Learning from historical experience to carve new paths
In early blockchain projects, Solana pursued high performance by completely rebuilding the underlying architecture. Monad Labs has learned from these experiences but has taken a different path: to innovate and break through while ensuring compatibility with existing standards. This balance allows Monad to enhance performance while fully retaining the advantages of the EVM-based ecosystem, providing a more pragmatic and scalable solution for large-scale blockchain applications.
Documentation and technical discussions
While the Monad Wiki provides a quick overview of Monad, we strongly recommend that all developers consult and explore the technical documentation and discussions for a deeper understanding.
Monad Docs English Version
Learn more:
Monad Wiki English Version
Monad Official Website
Monad Twitter