According to TechFlow, according to the dune data panel, the on-chain profit of the Base network in May was 6.98 million US dollars, the on-chain profit of Optimism in May was 1.57 million US dollars, the on-chain profit of Scroll in May was 1.35 million US dollars, the on-chain profit of Arbitrum in May was 802,000 US dollars, and the on-chain profit of Linea in May was 612,000 US dollars.

The on-chain profit calculation formula is L2 gas fee income minus the cost of publishing batches and verifying proofs in Layer 1.