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But if you had a quantum computer, could you steal Satoshi's #bitcoin? Let's explore. Satoshi Nakamoto is believed to have mined up to 1.1 million #BTC valued at a staggering $64 billion as of this post. What a honeypot! A sufficiently powerful quantum computer could reverse the elliptical curve cryptography used in Bitcoin signatures and compute private keys from public keys. And, of course, having the private key for an address lets you spend all the bitcoin from that address. But, first you need to know the public key. So how does one find public keys? The public key for a Bitcoin address is only revealed and posted to the blockchain when a transaction is made from that address. Using a block explorer you can find transactions made from an address and easily locate the public key. So what if we knew of a transaction made by Satoshi, such as when he famously sent 10 BTC to Hal Finney? Is that it? OpSec blown? 1.1 million BTC just waiting to be unlocked by quantum computers? Not quite. Satoshi did a couple clever things to deter this scenario. Firstly, not all 1.1 million of his bitcoin is stored in a single address. He sent each of his mining rewards to a different address. As a result, most of the addresses attributed to him hold just 50 bitcoin each received from the mining block reward. Secondly, these addresses have never spent any coins. Which means, their public keys have never been revealed and are unknown. Recall that our hypothetical quantum computer attack only works if we know the public key. What of the address from which Satoshi famously sent 10 BTC to Hal Finney? Likewise, this address only had 50 BTC to start, and only has a few bitcoin left for a would be quantum thief. So ultimately our answer is, no, there is no jackpot of 1.1 million bitcoin to be had by the first person to obtain a powerful enough quantum computer. And this is good news because it means that no bad actor wanting to crash the bitcoin market will be able to access Satoshi's coins either.
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