According to Blockworks, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin believes that after the Dencun hard fork, the expansion problem of Ethereum is no longer a "zero to one" problem, but a "one to N" problem. Initially, Ethereum's development focused on building its infrastructure from non-existence (zero) to establishing a baseline of a functional ecosystem (one). This stage faces significant challenges such as limited scalability and high transaction fees. These issues limit Ethereum’s ability to support widespread adoption of decentralized applications and maintain operational efficiency. Following the Dencun update, Ethereum has moved to more scalable infrastructure, with innovations such as proto-danksharding and “blobs” to enable more efficient data processing and significantly reduce transaction costs. These advances mark a transition from establishing the basic framework of a network to extending and broadening its functionality. Developers will now scale their efforts from a solid baseline (one) to new, undefined heights (denoted by N; an undefined, but predictably large number).