The Layer2 track is a hot spot in the field of blockchain expansion, aiming to increase the transaction throughput of main chains such as Ethereum and reduce gas fees. Layer2 solves the main chain congestion problem and improves efficiency by processing some transactions and smart contract execution off-chain. The main Layer2 technologies include Optimistic Rollups and ZK-Rollups. The former assumes the correctness of off-chain transactions, while the latter uses zero-knowledge proofs for verification.

Current mainstream projects such as Arbitrum, Optimism, zkSync and StarkNet have their own characteristics. Arbitrum and Optimism are mainly based on Optimistic Rollups, while zkSync and StarkNet represent ZK-Rollups technology. In the future, Layer2 interoperability, ZK-Rollups technology applications and governance token mechanisms will become the key development trends of this track.