According to Foresight News, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin summarized the Ethereum block construction research as of August 7, 2024, "Everyone agrees that it is a good idea to have multiple participants contribute transactions that must be included in the block; there is an open debate about whether the "last mover" can be avoided. It feels like there is light at the end of the tunnel on the topic of block construction." Previously, Max Resnick proposed a new design called Braid, based on the simple idea of ​​running many Ethereum consensus instances in parallel.