Sudden market dumps can be triggered by a variety of factors. Here are some common reasons:

1. **Whale Movements:** Large traders, or "whales," can move the market by selling significant amounts of assets quickly, causing a sharp price drop.

2. **Liquidation Cascades:** In leveraged markets, a drop in price can trigger margin calls and forced liquidations, leading to a cascade effect that further drives down the price.

3. **Negative News:** Unfavorable news, such as regulatory crackdowns, hacking incidents, or major company failures, can cause panic selling.

4. **Technical Breakdowns:** When prices break through key technical support levels, it can trigger automated selling by traders and algorithms, leading to a rapid decline.

5. **Market Manipulation:** Manipulators might deliberately drive the price down to trigger stop-loss orders or to buy at lower prices.

6. **Economic Events:** Broader economic factors, such as interest rate changes, geopolitical events, or financial crises, can impact market sentiment and cause sudden dumps.

7. **Liquidity Issues:** In markets with low liquidity, even relatively small sell orders can cause significant price drops.

Understanding these factors can help traders prepare and respond effectively to sudden market movements.