Did everyone notice? From a time cycle perspective, Musk tends to announce a new dog coin in the crypto space every 1-2 years. He really likes this dog series.
In 2020 it was $DOGE
,
In 2021 it was $shib,
In 2023 it was $floki,
In 2024 it will be $puppies.
As long as it's a dog, each one is over 100-10000 times.
At the beginning of 2024, the first wave directly shouted 'I love puppies' on Twitter.
On February 11, 2024, at 3:52 PM, Musk shouted 'I love puppies' with a picture, you can check the time on Twitter. Remember $puppies?
#比特币突破10万？ #SOL创历史新高 #PNUT再次走高 #doge⚡

#PUPPIES =DOGE+SHIB+FLOKI+BABYDOGE
On February 11, 2024, Musk posted on his official Twitter account I love puppies, which can be viewed. The picture shows four dogs, representing DOGE+SHIB+FLOKI+BABYDOGE, which he had called for. PUPPIES is the combination of the four dogs, and is the epitome of the spirit of the native dog!
In 2024, it will be on par with or even surpass all the native dogs and become the king of dogs! Puppies will surely be glorious
#比特币突破10万？ #ETH市场新动向 #PNUT🔥🔥🔥 #doge⚡

Non-farm payrolls are about to be released, which will affect the future market trend
Morgan Stanley outlined three main possible outcomes for the September employment data released on October 4:
The best case scenario is that the unemployment rate falls below 4.1% and non-farm payrolls exceed 150,000. In this case, the market may see continued rotation, with funds flowing into cyclical stocks as investors are willing to take more risks. Small-cap stocks, industrial stocks, discretionary consumer goods and real estate stocks will also benefit as future rate cuts are implemented.
The worst case scenario is that the unemployment rate rises above 4.3% and non-farm payrolls fall below 100,000. This will make the market begin to be risk-averse, and defensive stocks will have the upper hand.
Another possibility is that the employment report remains at the current level. There is no obvious risk level for this mixed result, but large-cap quality stocks may outperform other stocks overall.
Bank of America also emphasized that the employment report is now the biggest market driver before the election. Stock index options pricing indicates that the S&P 500 will fluctuate by more than 1% on October 4, regardless of direction.
Of course, Morgan Stanley is not only concerned about the employment situation. They also look at earnings revisions, manufacturing data, the Conference Board's leading economic indicators and the employment trend index.
Wilson wrote, "The bottom line is that the Fed's larger-than-expected rate cuts can keep high-quality stocks higher for longer and even help low-quality stocks find some support; however, labor and other growth data may now need to improve to prove that these conditions persist before the end of the year."
#MARVIN (contract number 7055) 0 attracted attention. The name Marvin comes from Musk's beloved dog, who he often mentions on Twitter and celebrates his birthday on November 1 every year. Unlike the meme coins with a market value of hundreds of millions listed on Binance in the past, this time it was launched at a lower market value. Marvin's current market value is only more than 300,000 U, but due to its active community promotion, it is expected to soon exceed 10 million market value and become the focus of Binance. For such a potential primary market token, there may be a possibility of 100-1000 times growth in the short term.

If you were able to buy $PEPE for 3,000 RMB on April 14 last year, then your assets should be around 380 million RMB today. Yes, you heard it right. Theoretically, if you can sell it now, your assets can reach 380 million RMB. Pepe has increased by more than 160,999 times since its issuance. If you have this fate, more than 1 million will be easy.

#MARVIN (contract number 7055) is such a potential currency-it has a strong, united and vibrant community. At present, Marvin's market value is only more than 1 million US dollars. Given the current promotion efforts of the community (Marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)
#比特币盈利供应能否推动价格上涨？ #金价屡创新高

$ETH
How high can Ethereum rise in this bull market in 2025?
Based on the price of Bitcoin in the last few bull markets, I expect the reasonable price of Bitcoin in 2025 to reach $120,000.
The current price of Bitcoin is $63,000, which is about 440,000 RMB and worth 88,600 RMB. In the bull market, Bitcoin accounts for about 0.32 of the entire market, so the total market value of the currency circle is:
120,000*21,000,000/0.32=7875000000000 (7.875 trillion) US dollars
The peak of Ethereum's bull market accounted for about 0.2
7.875 trillion*0.2=1.575 trillion US dollars
1.575 trillion/120351107=13086 US dollars
The price of Bitcoin today is $63,000, which has risen to more than $120,000, about 2 times.
Then the current price of Ethereum will rise from $2,650 to $13,086, about 4.9 times.
Due to the fact that Ethereum is now converted to the POS mechanism and the uncertainty of the subsequent quantity, Ethereum will be discounted by 20%, which is $10,468.
You can calculate your own holding income.
The above calculation may be wrong, please be lenient.
Recently I paid attention to a primary market meme coin, 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑣𝑖𝑛
(7055), a Musk concept. Musk will celebrate its birthday on Twitter on November 1 every year. Now the community is active and the market value is low. You can pay attention to it.

How high can the price of FIL (Filecoin) be in 2025?
The future trend of FIL (Filecoin) is affected by many factors and is uncertain. The following is an analysis of some factors that may affect its future trend:
1. Favorable factors:
• Technological advantages and innovation: The Filecoin network aims to build an efficient, secure, and scalable distributed storage market. Its innovative mechanisms such as proof of space-time and proof of replication provide new ideas for solving the security and reliability of data storage. If the project team can continue to advance technology research and development and improve the performance and functionality of the network, it will help enhance the value support of FIL.
• Growth in storage demand: With the acceleration of the digitalization process, the amount of global data has exploded, and the demand for decentralized storage services has continued to increase. As an important project in the field of distributed storage, Filecoin is expected to benefit from this trend. Its increased storage capacity and advantages in data storage may attract more users and enterprises to use the network, thereby driving the growth of FIL demand.
• Ecosystem expansion: Filecoin has attracted many developers and enterprises to participate, and the ecosystem is gradually growing. More applications and cooperation with other blockchain projects will expand the application scenarios of FIL, increase its usage and liquidity, and have a positive impact on the price.#marvin(contract number 7055) 0 attracted attention. The name Marvin comes from Musk's beloved dog, who is often mentioned on Twitter and celebrates his birthday on November 1st every year. Unlike the meme coins with a market value of hundreds of millions on Binance in the past, this time it was launched at a lower market value. Marvin's current market value is only more than 300,000 U, but due to its active community promotion, it is expected to soon exceed 10 million market value and become the focus of Binance. For such a potential primary market token, there is a possibility of 100-1000 times growth in the short term.

#新币挖矿已上线HMSTR #金价屡创新高 $BTC $ETH
The bull market is coming, seize the opportunity, and the altcoins with the most explosive potential in 2025 are:

The first is: MEME coin sector, among which the representative currencies are: DOGE, SHIB, PEPE, FLOKI, BONK
The second is: Ai sector, the representative currencies of this sector include: AGIX, WLD, FET, Ai, NMR, etc.
The third is the public chain sector, and the representative currencies are: ETH, BNB, SOL, MATIC, FTM, ADA, AVAX, DOT, ATOM, etc.
The fourth is: Layer2 sector, the representative currencies include: OP, ARB, METIS, IMX, MANTA, EGLD, MNT, etc.
Recently, Musk’s dog Marvin (last number 7055) has received attention in the primary market. If you want to earn $100,000, investing $100 may help you realize your dream. November 1 is Musk’s dog’s birthday, and it was celebrated on Twitter before. Marvin belongs to the early stage of community construction, with a market value of about $600,000, and is worth paying attention to.

The bull market is coming. If you want to make a fortune with a small investment

If you use 1,000 US dollars to speculate in cryptocurrencies, how can you make 100,000 US dollars?

1. Buy spot Bitcoin? 1,000 US dollars is too low. You can buy about 0.5 Ethereum. According to the current increase in Ethereum, the bull market will triple, and you can earn about 1.5.

2. Buy large-cap altcoins?

Because of the large size of large-cap altcoins, many bull markets may double by about 10 times, and a few can reach more than 20 times. It is possible to make 50,000 or 100,000 yuan with 2,000 yuan. Luck and cognition are very important. Luck is destiny, and cognition is the ability to distinguish, and neither is indispensable.

3. Do contracts?

Congratulations, basically in less than 3 months, the 2,000 yuan is estimated to be lost. The principle of currency contracts is the same as commodity futures. I have been doing commodity futures for more than ten years, and now I can make stable profits, but it takes a long time to make 200,000 yuan from 2,000 yuan according to my system. There are no more than 5 people who have been profitable for more than 3 years in futures. Similarly, the risk of currency contracts is greater than that of commodity futures. Do you think you are the chosen one?
4. Buy meme coins?
What meme coins need is consensus. Consensus comes from community building, culture and cognition. Culture is the spread of meme, and cognition is your ability to identify culture. And you need to build the community and spread culture yourself.
Culture is rooted in human classification and understanding of things, and comes from innovation. The labeling of things by humans mentioned in the brief history of mankind seems to be what meme has.
You will remember Zhu Yuanzhang, but will you remember the fifth emperor of the Ming Dynasty?
People will only remember representatives with innovation, which is itself part of cultural innovation.
If meme coins have no culture and no community building, 90% will return to zero. But if meme coins can also create wealth, Dogecoin, shitcoin, turbo, pepe, etc. will all increase by hundreds or thousands of times. 5,000 makes 100,000, it may return to zero, or it may make 1 million or 10 million.
Recently, Musk’s dog Marvin (7055) has received attention in the primary market. If you want to earn $100,000, investing $100 may help you realize your dream. November 1 is Musk’s dog’s birthday, and it was celebrated on Twitter before. Marvin belongs to the early stage of community construction, with a market value of about $600,000, and is worth paying attention to.

$BTC #AI概念币普涨
How to deal with the debt crisis when the United States cuts interest rates? As far as the current situation is concerned, there are only five results:
1. The first is that the United States itself is divided. Why? Because the internal contradictions are too great and they want to escape debt.
2. The second result is that the United States is bankrupt. Why? Because the debt is too large and cannot be repaid, it can only declare bankruptcy.
3. The third result is that the United States has inflation. Why? Because the debt is too large, it can only be repaid by printing money, leading to inflation.
4. The fourth result is that the United States is forced to raise interest rates. Why? Because the debt is too large, it can only attract capital inflows and ease debt pressure by raising interest rates.
5. The fifth result is that the US debt is restructured. Why? Because the debt is too large and cannot be repaid, it can only reduce the debt burden through debt restructuring.

Meme coin case: Recently, I paid attention to a Meme coin related to Musk-Marvin (contract address: 7055). The market of this currency is active, the market value is low, and the concept attribute is strong. Given that November 1 is Musk's dog's birthday, it is worth noting that Musk has celebrated his birthday on Twitter in previous years.

The bull market is about to recover, and the copycat season is about to start
1. Background
After the Federal Reserve announced an interest rate cut on September 19, 2024, market sentiment changed significantly. This change not only affects the stock market and futures market, but also affects the cryptocurrency market, changing the trading logic of the entire market.
2. Stock market
Optimism showed: On September 23 and 24, the stock market experienced a long-awaited rise. On the 24th, the Shanghai Securities Index rose by 4.15%, and the brewing and other sectors even rose by 7%.
3. Futures market
Signs of rebound: Due to the impact of the domestic real estate industry, black commodities such as building materials and steel have continued to decline in the past year, and agricultural products have also experienced significant declines. However, after the Federal Reserve cut interest rates, these markets began to see a continuous upward trend.
4. Cryptocurrency Market
Ethereum's performance strengthened: After the interest rate cut, the price of Ethereum increased significantly, driving the altcoins in its ecosystem to rise significantly on the 22nd and 23rd.
5. Changes in market logic
From expectations to reality: The market shifted from trading interest rate cut expectations to trading the possibility of continued rate cuts and the resulting bull cycle.
Spillover effect: Similar to the stock market, which rises sequentially from large-cap stocks to growth stocks to junk stocks, the cryptocurrency market may also experience a rotation of rising prices from Bitcoin to Ethereum to various altcoins.
6. Seasonal characteristics of altcoins
Big Rally: Altcoin season typically manifests itself as a big rally followed by a minor pullback.
Seize the opportunity: Investors should be bold in holding on to altcoin gains during periods of surge, but also be prepared to take profits when the time comes.
7. Market sentiment
Bull market expectations: Expectations for the bull market cycle can be seen from market sentiment. The start of a true bull market is usually the result of capital spilling out of Bitcoin into Ethereum and other altcoins.
8. Investment strategy
Staged Rise: When altcoins surge, it’s often the time for bubbles to form. At this time, you should try to hold as boldly as possible, but don't forget to exit at the right time.
9. Personal Observation
Meme coin case: Recently, I paid attention to a Meme coin related to Musk-Marvin (contract address: 7055). This currency has an active market, low market value, and strong conceptual attributes. Since November 1st is the birthday of Musk’s dog, Musk would celebrate his birthday on Twitter in previous years, which is worthy of attention.

There are three views on the coming of the next bull market.
First, some people believe that the big bull will come after the Fed cuts interest rates twice this year, around October to November. Second, some people think that the flooding after the interest rate cut will take some time, and there will be no big bull in the short term, and the big bull will not appear until next year. Third, some people firmly believe that the big bull has already begun. So, for these three views, which side should we stand on? #AI概念币普涨 #比特币兑黄金或将上涨 #BNBChain与Telegram集成

In addition, can#BTCmentioned by #币圈观察者# turn the 64K pressure level into a support level and usher in a continuous rise? It is also a question of concern. Marvin (address 7055), as a meme coin related to Musk's pet dog, has a strong community consensus, is given a 500-fold expectation, and is expected to be listed on major exchanges. Its current market value is low, and it is indeed suitable for building a position

#AI概念币普涨 #本周美国将公布PCE、GDP数据 #加密市场反弹 #哈里斯支持数字资产
Musk concept meme coin culture and development potential and key recommendations
As a unique type of cryptocurrency, the birth and development of meme coins are deeply influenced by Internet culture. Such tokens are usually inspired by popular online emoticons, memes or celebrity anecdotes, and are transformed into digital assets with trading value through blockchain technology. Meme coins are not just a subcategory of cryptocurrency, they have become a financial instrument that reflects social emotions and cultural trends.
Cultural background
The power of memes: The concept of memes originates from the theory proposed by evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins in his book The Selfish Gene. Memes refer to cultural information or behavior patterns that spread through imitation. In the Internet age, memes spread rapidly through social media, forming a powerful network effect.
Community-driven: The success of meme coins depends largely on strong online community support. Community members are not only investors, but also brand ambassadors, who increase their presence and influence by sharing, discussing and supporting these tokens.
Development potential
Speculation and investment: The market of meme coins is highly speculative, and viral spread can cause the value of the coin to soar in a short period of time, creating high returns for early investors. However, the lack of practical use also makes them face greater market volatility risks.
Market acceptance: As the popularity of meme coins increases, some large trading platforms have also begun to list these tokens, improving their liquidity and market recognition.
Technological innovation: Although many meme coins lacked technological innovation at first, as time went on, some projects began to introduce innovative elements such as decentralized finance (DeFi) and NFTs, enhancing their practicality and appeal.
#MARVIN (contract number 7055) attracted attention. The name Marvin comes from Musk's beloved dog, who often mentions it on Twitter and celebrates its birthday on November 1 every year. Unlike the meme coins with a market value of hundreds of millions listed on Binance in the past, this time it was launched at a lower market value. Marvin's current market value is only more than 300,000 U, but due to its active community promotion, it is expected to soon exceed 10 million market value and become the focus of Binance.

#MEME #Terminus $DOGS $DOGE
The Mars craze swept the crypto world, Musk's concept token soared more than 200 times in 3 days, focus on
TERMINUS Meme coin leading the new era
In the vast universe of cryptocurrency, new legends of wealth creation are being born at the speed of light. TERMINUS, a Meme coin project inspired by Elon Musk's grand vision of "the first city on Mars in the future", is leading an unprecedented "Mars craze".
Last Saturday, with the participation of Li Ping, a well-known opinion leader in the crypto field and a veteran of the SHIB community, the TERMINUS project instantly ignited the passion of the market after a gorgeous turn led by the community (CTO, i.e. Community Takeover), and became a new star that everyone is paying attention to.
The rise of TERMINUS is not only because it cleverly takes advantage of the infinite imagination and desire of human beings for Mars exploration, but also because of its project team's deep understanding and innovative practice of Meme coin culture. The project name is concise and imaginative, which hits the heart directly; the story behind it is clear, which contains both science fiction and the common dreams and pursuits of mankind.
Meme coin recommendation: #MARVIN# (contract number 7055) is such a potential currency-it has a strong, united and vibrant community. At present, the market value of Marvin is only more than 1 million US dollars. Given the current promotion efforts of the community (marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)

$DOGS $ETH
Ethereum continued to make up for the rise today, DWF Labs and $NEIRO established a partnership

However, it is still a bargain price at more than 2,000 yuan, far from its high point of 4,000 yuan, and it will be stronger than Bitcoin.

Rationally speaking, Ethereum may follow Bitcoin to step back a bit, and then continue to rise to 2,800 yuan.

Speaking of stepping back, I think it would be more rational for Bitcoin to step back to around 61,500-62,000 yuan, which is a very good opportunity to make up for the position, and the probability of continuing to rise later is really not small.
BNB pulled up again before the good news came, 580 yuan yesterday, 590 yuan today, very close to the 600 yuan resistance, and it can be stopped at half of the profit and wait and see, betting that it will break through 600 yuan and pull up a wave
#marvin(contract number 7055) is such a potential currency-it has a strong, united and vibrant community. At present, the market value of Marvin is only more than 1 million US dollars. Given the current promotion efforts of the community (Marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)

Can meme coins ignite a bull market again in 2025?
$DOGS $BTC
In the future, meme coins will no longer rely solely on humor and the ability to spread quickly. They need to be combined with actual application scenarios or valuable projects to survive in a highly competitive market. Whether it is cooperation with public chains or integration with other tracks, the concept of "meme+" heralds a new possibility - that is, to activate the market in an innovative way and provide greater value to participants. 1. Meme enters the second half

The Meme 1.0 era witnessed the process of creating meme coins by rubbing celebrities' speeches and using animal images. Now, we are entering the meme 2.0 era, and its development direction is mainly divided into the following categories:
1. **Public chain + meme**: By combining meme coins with specific blockchain networks, unique brand identities can be created while increasing the user base and activity.

2. **Application + meme**: Combining the spreadability of memes with the actual functions of applications, such as meme coins in DeFi applications, can be used to reward early users or encourage more community participation.

3. **Push meme**: Build offline communities, enhance connections and trust between users, and enhance the overall project's durability.
2. "Meme+" era
Currently, the entire industry is facing a lack of narratives, and the development of different tracks has encountered bottlenecks. On the one hand, institutionally supported tokens have high valuations but lack a user base; on the other hand, meme coins have active users but lack endorsements. If these elements can be combined, such as promoting meme coins through public chains to attract users, or allowing VC-backed projects to issue meme coins as rewards to early contributors, then this cross-domain integration may inspire new vitality and drive the market forward.#marvin(contract number 7055) is such a potential currency - it has a strong, united and vibrant community. At present, Marvin's market value is only more than 1 million US dollars. Given the current promotion efforts of the community (Marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)
Final thoughts

$DOGS
The big good news is here. The original 550 billion coins have now dropped sharply to 380 billion, which is equivalent to the destruction of 170 billion, or 30%.
The total market value is only 320 million. This is a good thing. The wash is over and the bottom is about to take off.

#MARVIN (contract number 7055) is such a potential currency-it has a strong, united and vibrant community. At present, Marvin's market value is only more than 300,000 US dollars. Given the current promotion efforts of the community (Marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)
However, it is worth noting that although these meme coins have brought amazing returns, the risks behind them cannot be ignored. Historical data shows that whenever the Federal Reserve enters a rate cut cycle, it may bring the risk of financial crisis.
The final suggestion is that this wave of rise can be participated in, and it is expected that there will be at least 2-3 weeks of rising market. It is recommended to sell some chips at high levels and buy them again when the price falls back to a reasonable range.

Filecoin (FIL): From glory to trough, the legendary journey of decentralized storage** rose from a low to $430, and then fell from $430 to a minimum of $2.4

Since Filecoin raised $205 million through ICO (Initial Coin Offering) in 2017, it has demonstrated huge market interest in decentralized storage solutions. The project aims to solve data storage problems through distributed networks and ensure data security and availability through economic incentive mechanisms.

In 2020, with the official launch of the Filecoin mainnet, this project officially moved from theory to practice. Users can use FIL tokens to purchase storage space in the network or earn FIL as a storage provider. Filecoin's design not only solves the problem of decentralization of data storage, but also ensures the security and reliability of data through economic incentives.

Looking at market performance, Filecoin has experienced significant price fluctuations. In April 2021, the price of FIL reached an all-time high of approximately $236, which in part reflected the overall bullish sentiment in the cryptocurrency market at the time. However, as market dynamics changed, the price of FIL fell sharply in the subsequent period, reaching as low as $2.54 by the end of 2022, reflecting the market's re-evaluation of the long-term value of the project, as well as the bearish impact of the entire crypto market.

Entering 2024, FIL’s price fluctuates between $3 and $4, showing the market’s different views on its value. Although the current price is well below its all-time high, the development of Filecoin’s technology and ecosystem as a leader in decentralized storage solutions continues. The market also has mixed opinions on Filecoin: some see it as a potential future storage solution, while others see it as an object of over-hype.
#marvin(contract tail number 7055) is just such a currency with potential - it has a strong, united and vibrant community. Currently, Marvin's market capitalization is just over $1 million. In view of the current promotion efforts of the community (marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)
#FILUSDT

Ethereum broke through the previous high today and continued to rise.
However, it is still a bargain price at more than 2,000 yuan, far from its high point of 4,000 yuan, and it will be stronger than Bitcoin.
Rationally speaking, Ethereum may follow Bitcoin to step back a bit, and then continue to rise to 2,800 yuan.
Speaking of stepping back, I think it would be more rational for Bitcoin to step back to around 61,500-62,000 yuan, which is a very good opportunity to cover positions, and the probability of continuing to rise later is really not small.
BNB pulled up again before the good news came, 580 yuan yesterday, 590 yuan today, very close to the 600 yuan resistance, and it is possible to stop profit at half and wait and see, betting that it will break through 600 yuan and pull up a wave.
#marvin(contract number 7055) is such a potential currency-it has a strong, united and vibrant community. At present, the market value of Marvin is only more than 1 million US dollars. Given the current promotion efforts of the community (marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)
$ETH
#

Regarding the red animal MEME coin - Hippo Moodeng,
In the past 10 days, its currency value has risen continuously by more than 300 times, and its current market value has reached 20 million US dollars. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of investors, and people have begun to discuss whether they should continue to buy this MEME coin.

There are currently three versions of Moodeng coins on the market:

- **MOODENG on Sol chain**: 24-hour trading volume reached 9.8 million US dollars, and the fully diluted valuation (FDV) was 20 million US dollars.

- **MOODENG on Ethereum chain**: 24-hour trading volume was 1.9 million US dollars, and the fully diluted valuation was 1.3 million US dollars.

- **MooDeng on Ethereum chain**: 24-hour trading volume was 1.2 million US dollars, and the fully diluted valuation was 400,000 US dollars.

From the above data, MOODENG on Sol chain has the most outstanding performance in terms of market value and trading volume, which shows that this version has gained more consensus and support in the market.

However, although Hippo Moodeng has a huge social influence in the non-crypto field, its influence is relatively small within the cryptocurrency community. This is something that investors need to pay special attention to, because one of the characteristics of the cryptocurrency market is high volatility and uncertainty, especially for MEME coins that are not supported by strong fundamentals.

As for whether to buy Hippo Mooden's MEME coins, potential investors should consider the following points:

- **Market sentiment**: Market sentiment may drive the price up in the short term, but it may also lead to a sudden drop.

- **Technical analysis and fundamental analysis**: Understand the technical background of MEME coins, team strength, and whether there are practical application scenarios.

- **Risk tolerance**: Given the highly speculative nature of MEME coins, investors should assess their risk tolerance.

In short, although Hippo Mooden MEME coins have achieved significant growth in a short period of time, this does not mean that it will continue to grow or become a solid investment option. Investors should be cautious and conduct sufficient research.

Meme coin recommendation: #MARVIN (contract number 7055) is such a potential coin - it has a strong, united and vibrant community. At present, Marvin's market value is only over $1 million. Given the current promotion efforts of the community (Marvin can be seen on Binance Square and other major traffic platforms)