Prices must either reach new highs or new lows, inevitably a choice between the two, as all types of movements must be completed. The energy game will inevitably leave traces, and the basic structure of these traces has self-similarity, which is achieved through new highs or new lows at peaks and troughs.
An upward movement is characterized by higher peaks and troughs until a top structure appears and shifts to downward movement; a downward movement is characterized by lower peaks and troughs; a consolidation is characterized by horizontal movement. This is the structure, as well as the relationship between candlesticks; trading points lie at the points of structural transformation. The "tops and bottoms" are the turning areas, which serve as our basis for trading.
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Why must prices fluctuate? Why is it necessarily a rotation of upward, downward, and consolidation movements? Why is there no a priori logic dictating how or how much they will move? Because there are divergences, there are trades, and thus there is a market; where there are trades, there are buying and selling; where there is buying and selling, there is a comparison of bullish and bearish forces; where there is a comparison of forces, there is a distinction between victory and defeat, strength and weakness; strong bulls lead to upward movement, while strong bears lead to downward movement; the stalemate phase, where there is no clear victor, is the consolidation center entangled. There are no eternal victories or stalemates, so the rotation between bulls and bears continues to alternate, leading to sustained fluctuations.