Did you know that Cosmos is threatened by Layer2 superchains?.
Abritrum's Orbit
Zkysnc 's Hyperchain
Optimism' s Op stack
Where is the threat coming from?.
Etheruem's Decentralisation and security that those layer2s are built upon will convince more devs or founders to build independent layer2 chain, dependent or independent superchain.
Let me break this down.
On Cosmos chain, you can build an independent Cosmos IBC compatible chain that doesn't need the
Cosmos for it's Decentralisation and security, so also you can build a fully customisable partial dependent (their dependency on Cosmos hub can be temporary, they can chose to exit the Cosmos hub while still using their validators) chain that uses Cosmos hub.
On Subperchains you can build your own separate chain that can either depend on Layer1 (Eth or BSc ), Layer2 or the two combined, which means a superchains can easily be more scalable, Decentralised and Secure with the help of Layer2 Scalability and Layer1 Decentralisation and security on Etheruem.
But superchain can not exist without layer1 but they can exist without Layer2.
Now if you check carefully, you will see that anything you can do on Cosmos, you can still do it on layer2s with superchains.
The only difference is that Cosmos chains can be independent in a case where there is no Cosmos, like Cosmos security breach or network issue, in the other hand superchain will also not be affected if Layer2 have any issue (depending on the degree of dependency on the Layer2 upon which it might be built on), but there will be issue on the super chain if the layer1 upon which it was built on has issue.
Now let's look at their solutions to know which is better.
1. Cosmos hub (180 validators with 10 validators controlling 50% of the network, that 180 can be increased by governance vote) have very lesser validators compared to half a million (500k active validators that anyone can join with minimum of 32 ether), which also shows that Etheruem is Decentralised and secured than Cosmos which also shows that layer2s or superchain can boast of security and Decentralisation vertically.
2. Cosmos chains are mostly built around been independent chains, if a cosmos chain is not using Cosmos hub, it means it has to convince people to be validators in their network which is one of the reason many layer1s are still failing today, if they use the Cosmos hub, they are doing what superchains are doing om layer1 and Layer2, which we already knew eth has more security than Cosmos.
Programing language barrier? : I don't know of other chains, but Arbitrum stylus is making it possible for anyone to build DApps on Abritrum, Layer2 chains and superchains in any the following programming languages, Rust, solidity, C and C++ with the help WASM (Web Assembly).
This is my today's summary on this topic , expect more.
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