DePIN, or Decentralised Physical Infrastructure Networks, uses token incentives to motivate users to participate in physical resource networks (PRN) or digital resource networks (DRN), thereby optimizing resource utilization efficiency and providing value to network users and users.

The opportunity of the track lies in whether it can make full use of the ability of idle resources to break the drawbacks and bottlenecks of centralized service providers. At the same time, the sustainable development ability of the project also depends on whether its advantages can create enough moats and not be replaced by other networks. Possible advantages include the resource capacity and density of network nodes and a good economic system. This article will introduce the potential investment opportunities of the Depin track from four categories: sensors, servers, wireless networks and computing resources.

Hive folders

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/8883606edab53f21123a1c731cd7180f5a93de0ba6736f17340c93ce3df165c7

Hivemapper is a global decentralized map network that aims to solve the problems of monopoly pricing, uneven coverage, and no compensation for user-generated data in the map industry. Hivemapper completed a $18 million Series A financing on April 5, 2022. Participants in this round of financing include Multicoin Capital, Craft Ventures, Solana Ventures, etc.

Contributors can collect high-quality street images by installing Hivemapper's dashcam and earn Token HONEY as a reward. They can also participate in the Map AI Trainer game to enhance Hivemapper's machine learning model and get token rewards. Consumers can redeem tokens to access map data, and ecosystem participants can benefit from the ecosystem network.

HONEY tokens are issued on the Solana chain, with a maximum supply of 10 billion HONEY tokens. The tokens are initially distributed as follows:

  • 40% goes to contributors as a reward for their participation in building the Hivemapper network. The exact number of tokens minted each week is determined by global map progress.

  • 20% goes to investors to provide the seed capital needed to launch the Hivemapper network.

  • 20% to Hivemapper Inc., which is responsible for building the technology and operating systems required to run the Hivemapper network.

  • 15% to Hivemapper Inc., to provide R&D and operational support for the Hivemapper network.

  • 5% is donated to the Hivemapper Foundation to facilitate the continued management and success of the Hivemapper network.

Hivemapper adopts a detailed method - global map progress, which fairly rewards contributors around the world, and this method is constantly improving based on community suggestions. The September 2023 update mentioned that different regional weights will affect the calculation of global map progress units and the rewards obtained by the area within a given time. Rewards will be distributed based on three dimensions: coverage, activity, and elasticity, to keep the map's coverage wide, update quickly, and not rely on any individual contributor.

Consumers purchase Map credits. As usage increases, more Honey tokens will be burned, recast, and directly rewarded to contributors who provide data. This essentially maintains user friendliness and completes the token transfer between consumers and contributors.

It is worth mentioning that Hivemapper uses three layers of verification to verify the location of the collected images, the second of which is Helium’s Long Range Wide Area Network (“LoRaWAN”), and the other two are the Global Navigation Satellite System (“GNSS”), commonly known as GPS, and map image quality checks.

As of November 2023, Hivemapper has shipped over 8,000 dashcams that have mapped over 90 countries. Contributors have mapped over 80 million kilometers of roads, of which over 5.7 million are unique kilometers, representing over 9% of the world's roads. On average, Hivemapper contributors now map over 800 kilometers per week.

Helium Mobile

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/bb78f047cb52bc270dd950a3da8f10335729e0204c2649ddb6d075fff18abe2d

Helium Mobile is a decentralized 5G network that makes customers, not operators, network owners and operators. Helium Mobile users earn rewards simply for using their phones on the Helium 5G network, giving consumers ownership of their mobile packages and the network that supports them, ultimately achieving a network flywheel effect, with increased user data, which incentivizes people to deploy additional Helium 5G coverage. As coverage expands, the cost of using the network will be lower and more expensive, so the flywheel effect of network growth, cost reduction, and increased data credit usage has made this project a hot topic.

In order to lower the barrier to entry and help accelerate Helium 5G network coverage, Helium mobile provides Helium mobile hotspots, which use Wi-Fi technology to create coverage specifically for Helium Mobile users (smartphones only, no laptops or tablets). The price of mobile hotspots is much lower than that of CBRS radio and gateway bundles, and it is also easier to set up. At the same time, because the range of Wi-Fi technology is shorter than that of traditional cellular devices, a high-density deployment of Helium mobile hotspots is required to help ensure that enough data is transmitted through the Helium network, which means that more audiences are needed and it is easier to participate. At the same time, community members can also purchase professional-grade CBRS equipment and complete the relevant setup process or work with professional installers.

On December 5, 2023, Helium Mobile launched a nationwide, no-contract, $20/month mobile phone package in the United States, providing unlimited data, calls, and text messages. It is worth mentioning that Solana Mobile Saga users in the United States will receive a 30-day free subscription to Helium Mobile, enabling them to seamlessly connect to the Helium 5G network and work with the nationwide 5G network. In addition, Solana Mobile Saga users can also receive token rewards from other projects in the Solana ecosystem to achieve a positive flywheel for the network.

MOBILE follows a similar minting schedule as HNT, but with a maximum supply of 230,000,000,000 (230B). 50B MOBILE is given to the Helium Foundation for management at network launch. The issuance is scheduled to halve every two years, in line with the halving of HNT issuance. And users can redeem Mobile to HNT on the Helium wallet app.

GOD

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/65388bb80af665bee720c1e4ab8a0c82b521a5a47ff4557b502aecade6c9be07

DIMO is a decentralized physical system platform that allows car owners to collect, use and profit from data in their vehicles, developers and data consumers to build applications and services, thereby reducing the cost of providing better mobility products and services, and giving data ownership to different users and stakeholders. By connecting drivers and their data with developers and manufacturers, Dimo ​​can break the original business model, creating value for enterprises first, and for users second (if any). Applications and services can only be built by a few companies with existing access rights.

In 2022, DIMO launched devices, car networking, and $DIMO tokens. The current development focus is to increase vehicle supply, measure contributions by issuing $DIMO tokens to data providers; add developer tools to make it easier for application developers to access device data so that they can create new user experiences on DIMO. This includes adding an embedded wallet to the DIMO Mobile application this year and increasing the quantity and quality of car data.

As data storage is decentralized, more data is put on-chain (trips), and SDKs are added at an accelerated pace, a new ecosystem of applications based on DIMO will become more open. The protocol continues to mature with increased decentralization, increased support for new vehicle types (such as scooters, aircraft, heavy machinery, etc.), and the addition of more customers and applications, as well as the establishment of formal relationships with automakers.

The value of $DIMO comes from three aspects: coverage, data quality and market demand. The main function of the token is transaction demand, governance voting, and staking and incentives for participants. As usage increases, $DIMO will also be destroyed, so that users will receive more rewards.

DIMO's official website also shows that the ecosystem is very rich, including car rental, mobile apps, hardware facilities, etc. The picture below shows the latest vehicle and trip data.

Peak

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/155792f6b678e1aa55d1b148dba6490a3046a95e731591c71890691a7e456d03

Peaq is a Web3 network that provides decentralized infrastructure and tools for builders and users of machine decentralized applications, or dapps. It provides everything needed to build applications for vehicles, robots, and devices on a blockchain network. Peaq enables entrepreneurs and developers to build decentralized applications for vehicles, robots, devices, and other machines, while enabling users to manage and monetize these connected machine devices.

Peaq allows owners of connected devices to directly benefit from the economic value generated by their assets. This economic benefit model also creates a wealth model exclusive to Peaq. Peaq's decentralized operating platform bypasses intermediaries and directly allows users and devices to interact. Device owners can retain a larger portion of the income from their assets because they no longer need to pay large commissions to centralized platforms. Therefore, users participating in Peaq can obtain more profits from Internet devices, encouraging more people to participate in the sharing economy. As more IoT devices generate economic benefits, profits will also flow and be distributed among token holders, thereby stimulating transactions and driving development.

According to Peaq’s official website, Tokens will be issued in 2024, so you can pay attention to it in advance.

Silence Network

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/89c3acd89c3dc8498b0d54b91665f15f2bd79761037df8f66be790a9e5e9b469

Silencio is a community-driven platform built on the peaq network that is dedicated to addressing the growing noise pollution problem in urban areas. The project encourages users to contribute Hyperlocal (community or neighborhood) noise pollution data by offering rewards in the form of Nosie coins. An innovative eco-economic model is adopted to allow users to actively participate in the fight against noise pollution while benefiting from their contributions. By collecting accurate real-time data,

Silencio aims to transform noise pollution monitoring by harnessing the power of smartphones, eliminating the need for a large number of fixed environmental sensors for noise detection. Smartphones with built-in microphones are able to measure sound levels in decibels and map hyper-local noise pollution. The platform will also offer an app store, the opportunity for users to redeem Nosie coins for goods and services, and the ability to donate Nosie coins to worthy causes such as planting trees or protecting endangered rainforests.

The project announced that it will release airdrops in the future. The number of airdrops will mainly be based on the sound data provided by users or the number of user recommendations. One token can be obtained by uploading one minute of data. Users who recommend others to use Silencio will receive 3% of all Noise Coins uploaded by their recommendations. It is also determined by the size of the covered geographical system.

Onocoy

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/ef4df464d52622ed70a4bb72b041d77b5b669b4e9dbadb3585c795f687e5bfec

Onocoy uses Web3 technology to build the world's densest GNSS reference station network, which can only be achieved through a community-driven approach with large-scale and high-density reference stations. The purpose is to solve the problem of high infrastructure costs, so service providers focus on high-income areas and lucrative markets, and the redundancy of reference station infrastructure, resulting in unnecessary high service costs due to infrastructure duplication.

GNSS has a wide range of applications, and its application scope is constantly expanding, not only limited to user positioning and navigation on the earth's surface, but also used to determine the position of aircraft and spacecraft. The deployment of Onocoy network integrated reference stations brings global coverage and high network density, and the capital expenditure and operating expenditure of the reference station infrastructure are distributed in a large community, which improves the high utilization and capital efficiency of the infrastructure, while users can also benefit from reduced data costs.

Its architecture is built on Solana. Miners and validators who provide verified data receive ONO tokens for providing core services to the Onocoy system. Enterprises, developers and end users exchange and consume tokens using data from the Onocoy system. The project is still in the testing phase and uses BONO tokens as test coins. The token economy design is complete.

The maximum supply of ONO tokens is fixed at 810 million. Tokens are distributed as follows:

  • 30% is allocated to a reward pool for miners and other contributors.

  • 20% goes to the Onocoy Association/DAO managed by ONO token holders

  • Investors in two rounds of financing (10% + 10%) provide 20% to provide the start-up capital needed to start the onocoy system

  • 15% to the funding team that launches the onocoy system

  • 15% is paid to Services AG to cover employee salaries, consultant fees, and costs to third parties and subcontractors to build the technical and operational systems required to run the onocoy system

Grass

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/c79ae55ca2bdeed578bd3d28d6ee2aaa99346bd583abc9a856d997a8c6325a11

Grass is the flagship product of Wynd Network. Wynd focuses on open network data and recently announced the completion of a $3.5 million seed round of financing, led by Polychain Capital and Tribe Capital, with participation from Bitscale, Big Brain, Advisors Anonymous, Typhon V and Mozaik. Grass allows users to earn passive income through Internet connections by selling unused network resources, solving the problem that the current existing network is operated by exploitative middlemen. The network information exposed to personal IP addresses is customized, so this data information is very important for companies such as airlines. In many cases, users "borrow" bandwidth without knowing or acquiescing, so the project aims to provide a decentralized solution that uses token incentives to encourage users to own their own bandwidth without being deprived of rights by centralized proxy networks. Companies and artificial intelligence laboratories can use this network.

The project has 15,000 followers on Twitter, which is a fairly high level of attention. The current beta version was launched in June 2023 and already supports Android phones. As of November 29, 2023, there are 103,000 downloads and 1,450,000 unique IP addresses. In the future, token holders can obtain part of the protocol revenue accumulation and governance voting rights.

Space and Time

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/4240d2cce11a227d55d900ede18edbae037b1f878b9d77c057e327898e81fbc3

Space and Time is a verifiable computing layer that scales zero-knowledge proofs on decentralized data warehouses, providing trustless data processing for smart contracts, LLMs, and enterprises. Space and Time connects indexed blockchain data from the chain with off-chain data sets, and uses Proof of SQL to ensure tamper-proof large-scale computing and prove that query results have not been manipulated.

Proof of SQL is a new ZK-proof developed by Space and Time that allows data warehouses to generate SNARK cryptographic proofs of SQL query execution, proving that the query calculation was completed accurately and that both the query and the data are verifiably tamper-proof.

Developers can use projects to connect indexed on-chain and off-chain data, use SQL to transform data to perform low-latency cache queries and large-scale analytical jobs, transform and shape data into patterns specific to your business, publish queries to APIs and build dashboards, while zero-knowledge technology ensures that tamper-proof query results are sent to smart contracts or published directly on the chain in a trustless manner.

Currently, Space and Time has established indexes for Ethereum, Polygon, Sui, Sei and Avalanche, and is constantly supporting more chains. It has also been connected to Chainlink.

The project has 31,000 followers on Twitter. As a crossover between the Depin and ZK tracks, it has received some attention. Currently, the project does not have a detailed coin issuance plan, so you can keep paying attention to it in the long term.

Natix Network

https://app.trendx.tech/projects/72d581430a5215cac9bd747efa4e66e2e0482d7105b95521ee3b94de985efcbb

Natix network uses existing cameras as "super sensors" to collect data, protects privacy through NATIX's proprietary artificial intelligence and edge computing technologies, and creates dynamic maps of the real world for users to collect and consume real-time data at low cost, such as crowd size, available parking spaces, pothole locations, etc.

It aims to combine decentralized economic incentives and intrinsic motivations to break the long-term data monopoly, solve the problems of data silos, high cost burden on users, and unfair compensation for user data, and enter the geospatial data market.

The NATIX network relies on two token types to align the interests between network participants. These two token types are iLand NFTs and fungible NTXT tokens. The Natix dynamic map divides the Earth into tiles, each of which has a unique Smart Land NFT, aka “iLand NFT”, which will generate passive income for the holder. Any data generated by the NATIX network cameras will be located on one of these tiles. After monetizing this data, the tile owner is entitled to receive royalties for each transaction on that tile. In addition, iLand NFTs also have governance functions within the network. iLand NFTs will be airdropped, sold, and then traded on the market. NFT minting fees as well as royalties from NFT transactions will be used to grow the network and incentivize early participants. NTXT (ERC-20) is the native utility token of the NATIX network. It is used as a payment method to purchase data and iLand NFTs, and can also be staked to earn income or reduce network fees and participate in system governance.

Natix allows users to earn NTXT without purchasing additional hardware, just join the network and earn tokens using your phone camera. Users can earn money by using their phone camera while driving/riding or go explore the map, use the camera to detect events (potholes, trash or parking spaces) and earn tokens. NATIX enables enterprise data consumers to subscribe and use real-time data captured by the NATIX Internet of Cameras.

The total supply of NTXT is 1 billion, which will be released slowly over 48 months.

Natix network has designed a series of incentives and rewards to encourage users to participate in the network, including that the NATIX network will incentivize users who provide liquidity for NTXT/USDC on AMM. And the party providing data/detection data needs to pledge a certain amount of tokens to ensure that they do not do evil.

The project has 35,000 followers on Twitter. It is currently in its early stages and is open for whitelist applications, allowing users to participate in project testing.

references:

https://foresightnews.pro/article/detail/2150 https://www.coincarp.com/zh/fundraising/hivemapper-series-a/ https://medium.com/hivemapper-blog/celebrating-the-hivemapper-networks-first-year-8f0195f2e9ec https://blog.hellohelium.com/https://docs.dimo.zone/overview/introduction/what-is-dimohttps://explorer.dimo.zone/ https://www.panewslab.com/zh_hk/articledetails/32gcvt6i0g87.html https://www.silencio.network/home https://www.onocoy.com/ https://www.getgrass.io/ https://www.spaceandtime.io/ https://www.natix.network/

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