This simplified summary illustrates how TON works using everyday examples to make technical concepts easier to understand.

1. Abstract Network Layer

What it is: TON uses a network layer that hides complex technical details, such as IP addresses.

Example: Imagine you're sending a package via a courier network. Instead of worrying about the exact recipient address, you simply use a simplified label that the courier service understands and takes care of delivery.

2. Abstract Addresses

What it is: Abstract addresses are like simplified public keys for encrypting communication between nodes.

Example: Sending a message to a friend in TON is like sending a letter via a simplified address, without needing to know their exact or detailed address.

3. UDP Protocol

What it is: TON uses UDP for fast transfers, but switches to TCP if the network is unstable.

Example: It's like sending packages via express courier, but if the service is delayed or becomes unreliable, you switch to a standard courier service that guarantees delivery.

4. Channels and Tunnels

What it is: Channels allow encrypted data to be exchanged between nodes and can forward messages.

Example: Sending a message to a friend who then forwards it to another friend, similar to an email that goes through several people before reaching its final destination.

5. Boot Problem (Bootstrap)

What it is: New nodes use a “zero channel” to find their first contact on the network.

Example: A new member of a club needs to be introduced by a known member to join the group.

6. Protocol RLDP

What it is: RLDP transmits large amounts of data reliably, instead of TCP.

Example: Imagine sending a large file via email using a specialized service that ensures the file is delivered complete and without errors.

7. Overlay Networks

What it is: Virtual networks built on top of existing physical networks.

Example: Like a subway system that is built on a city with streets and avenues. The subway offers direct routes while the streets remain as the basic network.

8. Public and Private Overlay Networks

What it is: Networks that can be open to everyone or restricted to authorized members.

Example: Facebook is a public network where anyone can join, while a company intranet is private and only accessible to employees.

9. Member Location and Maintenance

What it is: A node must find and connect to existing members to join an overlay network.

Example: A new member of an organization must find and network with current members in order to integrate.

10. Gossip and Broadcast Protocols

What it is: Methods for propagating information on the network.

Example: In a team meeting, one member shares an update with some colleagues (gossip), and then the information is sent to all employees via email (broadcast).

11. TON Payments and Payment Channels

What it is: They allow instant and cheap payments through payment channels.

Example: Instead of paying every time you buy a song online, you use a payment channel to make micropayments for each download without recording each transaction on the blockchain.

12. Bidirectional and Reliable Payment Channels

What it is: Channels where two parties can exchange payments without recording each transaction, with security to prevent fraud.

Example: Like a shared account for exchanging money on an online marketplace, where adjustments are made in real time and only recorded at the end.

13. TON Coin and Units

What it is: The main currency of TON with units ranging from the smallest (nanoton) to the largest (gigaton).

Example: It's like having pennies, dollars, and large bills in the real world. You use nanotons for small fees and gigatons for large transactions or reservations.

14. Supply and Rewards

What it is: The total supply of TON Coin grows slowly with rewards for validators.

Example: It's like a video game where players are rewarded with additional points, and the total supply of points increases as players complete more challenges.

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