1. *The First Cryptocurrency*: Bitcoin, created by an anonymous person or group known as Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009, was the first cryptocurrency. Its creation was a direct response to the 2008 financial crisis, aiming to offer a decentralized alternative to traditional banking.

2. *Limited Supply of Bitcoin*: Unlike traditional currencies, Bitcoin has a finite supply. Only 21 million Bitcoins will ever be mined, which is expected to happen by 2140. This scarcity is one of the factors that drive its value.

3. *Lost Bitcoins*: It’s estimated that about 20% of all Bitcoins are lost forever, often due to forgotten passwords or lost private keys. These Bitcoins, worth billions of dollars, are essentially inaccessible.

4. *Blockchain Technology*: Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin operate on blockchain technology, which is a decentralized ledger that records all transactions across a network of computers. This makes it incredibly difficult to alter or hack, contributing to its security.

5. *Ethereum’s Smart Contracts*: Ethereum, another major cryptocurrency, introduced the concept of smart contracts—self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. This innovation has enabled a wide range of decentralized applications (DApps).

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