Ethereum has made significant progress with the transition from PoW to PoS and the Dencun upgrade, which has reduced Layer 2 transaction costs. Layer 3 developments, such as Arbitrum Orbit and zkSync Hyperchains, offer advanced customization and lower fees. Projects like DEGEN and DMT highlight Layer 3's potential, focusing on social and gaming innovations. These advancements are expected to enhance Ethereum's scalability and provide new investment opportunities, though caution is advised due to volatility.

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