Forwarding a simple method I shared elsewhere a few days ago when the market was wildly empty.

The methods to confirm a peak and confirm a bottom are actually the same and very simple. Regardless of the fractal tops and bottoms in Chen theory, we will use the simplest method to judge. Peak signal: 1. The daily line has a very long upper shadow. 2. The daily line level has a bearish engulfing (the falling candle engulfs the last rising candle). 3. The daily line level shows a double top (the same price, with two daily lines that cannot break through consecutively or separated). If any of the above conditions are met, it can be understood as 'seeing a peak'. To confirm a bottom, just look at it in the opposite way. This is a top and bottom that can be judged without any technical indicators.

Similarly, how to estimate when a trend has ended, both down and up, 90% of the time will end with a wave of acceleration in the same direction, for example, the end of an uptrend is often a quick upward spike followed by a pullback (a very long upper shadow), and the end of a downtrend is also marked by a rapid drop followed by a quick reversal. So how to confirm this as an end? When a peak low (resistance level decreases) occurs more than once, it confirms the start of a pullback. Taking Bitcoin as an example, the previous high x0.93 indicates a 4-hour level pullback. If it reaches here, it can rebound more than 3%, re-enter the uptrend channel, and the peak of this uptrend is likely to be higher than the previous peak. If it drops 7% and the rebound does not exceed 3%, and then drops another 3% on the basis of the 7%, it indicates a daily level pullback.

These are some relatively simple methods to assist you in determining whether a market trend has ended without any indicators.