Duvvuri Subbarao, former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, cast doubt on Donald Trump’s proposal to impose 100% tariffs on BRICS nations if they abandon the dollar, calling it legally and practically uncertain. He questioned whether U.S. laws allow sanctions based solely on shifting away from the dollar or how such actions would be evaluated. While theoretically a shared BRICS currency could reduce dollar dependence, Subbarao noted the bloc is far from ready politically or economically. Russian President Vladimir Putin echoed this, stating deeper economic integration is needed before considering a common currency. BRICS, originally Brazil, Russia, India, and China with South Africa joining in 2011, expanded earlier this year to include Egypt, Iran, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Ethiopia.