GM! Buidlers

This issue of Hashingbit features the launch of Ethereum Layer 2 Taiko, new cross-chain standards from Uniswap Labs and Across, the introduction of PayPal USD on Solana, and Fantom's collaboration with Google Cloud. It also covers ZK security advancements for AggLayer and Atoma's AI tools on Sui. Additionally, it includes developer tools for smart contract auditing and Solidity developers, and highlights QuillAudit’s AI agents detecting vulnerabilities in the $NORMIE token.

EtherScope: Core Developments đŸ‘šâ€đŸ’»

  • Ethereum Layer 2 Taiko goes live on mainnet

  • The problem with eip4337

  • Low Ethereum Gas Fees Inflate Supply By 50k ETH In One Month

  • Suave Proposal: Implementing EIP-712 for Confidential Compute Requests

  • Layer 1 & Layer

    • Vitalik Compares the L2 and Ethereum Sharding Visions

    • Upcoming Feature: Starknet Applicative Recursion (SNAR)

    • Introducing the Pessimistic Proof for the AggLayer: ZK Security for Cross-chain Interoperability

    • Introducing Kakarot Sepolia

    • StarkWare introduces ZKThreads: A canonical ZK sharding framework for dApps

    • All Core Developers Execution Call #188 Writeup

    • Unifying VMs with Blended Execution

    • Zeth Brings Validity Proofs to Optimism’s OP Stack

  • EIPs

    • EIP-7716: Anti-correlation attestation penalties

    • ERC-7683: Cross Chain Intent

  • ERCs

    • ERC-TBA: Deterministic AA wallet

    • ERC-x: Readable Typed Signatures for Smart Accounts

    • ERC-7715: Request Permissions from Wallets

EcoExpansions: Beyond Ethereum 🚀

  • Solana

    • LayerZero is live on Solana!

    • Solana validators voted to stop burning half the priority fee and will now keep 100% of it.

    • PayPal USD (PYUSD) is live on Solana!

  • Fantom

    • Opera Network Upgraded: Sonic Nodes Power 10,000 TPS and 1-Second Finality

    • Fantom Partners with Google Cloud to Boost Next-Gen dApp Development and Launch Validator

  • Polygon

    • Introducing the Pessimistic Proof for the AggLayer: ZK Security for Cross-chain Interoperability

    • Polygon Labs is using Succinct’s zkVM SP1 for building the AggLayer, their flagship interoperability protocol.

  • Sui

    • Atoma Enabling AI for Builders on Sui

    • Sui Overflow: Sui’s first global virtual hackathon

    • AUSD Stablecoin from AgoraDollar Launches on Sui, Enhancing Network Liquidity and Efficiency

DevToolkit: Essentials & Innovations đŸ› ïž

  • Solidity v0.8.26: require with custom errors (via-IR only), Yul optimizer improved default sequence and JSON output format slightly changed

  • Clap: a Rust eDSL for PlonKish Proof Systems with a Semantics-preserving Optimizing Compiler

  • Batcher Contract on Aztec

  • Remix v0.49: RemixAI improvements & TOML syntax highlighting

  • Kontrol (formal verification) adds support for native Foundry cheatcode assertions

  • Snekmate (Vyper): adds Halmos symbolic tests for ERC20/721/1155 & math contracts

  • Ape-AWS: Ape plugin to use AWS Key Management Service & IAM access

  • Viem adds EIP4361 Sign-In with Ethereum support

  • EVM Diff: adds all chain comparison table to existing side by side compare

  • micro-eth-signer v0.9: fetch account history & token balances from archive node, SSZ in 900 lines

  • Vacp2p stealth-address-kit v0.1: derived from ERC5564, Rust & C bindings

Explore the Depths of Knowledge: Research Papers, Blogs and Tweets🔖

  • Twitter

    • 12 examples of how Chainlink is powering the tokenization megatrend

    • Farcaster vs. Lens Protocol: A Deep Dive đŸ§”

    • Unlocking the Power of Stylus: A Game-Changer for Arbitrum and EVM

    • Some more up to date thoughts the next hard fork after Cancun, Pectra

    • The Bitcoin L2 landscape

    • How do DEX aggregators actually work?

    • High FDV is not inherently bad.

    • Zero knowledge vs. Optimistic rollups

    • Advice for Builders Seeking Grants

    • Modular thesis comeback

  • Articles

    • How EigenLayer’s Restaking Enhances Security and Rewards in DeFi

    • Secure Voting on Blockchain with Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs)

    • Introducing the ENS L2

    • Atomicals Virtual Machine (#AVM) Whitepaper

    • A Two-Part Approach To Understanding Zk Coprocessors

  • Github Repos

    • Reusable workflows for GitHub Actions

    • Merkle Multiproof (Solidity): generate inputs for OpenZeppelin MerkleProof library for fuzz testing

  • Research Papers

    • A Dual-functional Blockchain Framework for Solving Distributed Optimization

    • On Fairness Concerns in the Blockchain Ecosystem

    • Collaborative Access Control for IoT -- A Blockchain Approach

    • The Writing is on the Wall: Analyzing the Boom of Inscriptions and its Impact on EVM-compatible Blockchains

  • Tools

    • Introducing Recon: Invariant Testing Made Easy**.**

    • EVM Diff adds cross-chain comparison.

    • Eth95.exe - An Instant UI for Smart Contracts.

    • GoAlert - Open source on-call scheduling, automated escalations, and notifications so you never miss a critical alert.

  • WatchđŸŽ„

Web3 Security Watch đŸ›Ąïž

  • Articles

    • Beginner’s Guide to Web3 Security: Guide to Avoiding Fake Wallets and Private Key/Mnemonic Phrase Compromises

    • How to Identify and Prevent Address Poisoning Attacks

  • Research Papers

    • DataSafe: Copyright Protection with PUF Watermarking and Blockchain Tracking

    • Remeasuring the Arbitrage and Sandwich Attacks of Maximal Extractable Value in Ethereum

    • Decentralized Virtual Research Environment: Empowering Peer-to-Peer Trustworthy Data Sharing and Collaboration

  • Twitter

    • Arguments Against FIT21

    • Zero Knowledge Proofs Use Cases

    • Malicious Aggr Chrome Extension

    • Investigation $CAT meme team is connected to GCR's X.com hack last night

    • Introducing Trident - fuzz testing framework for Solana programs written in Anchor

  • Tools

    • Security Alliance - Drill Template - the tools that the SEAL Chaos Team uses to coordinate drills with protocol teams.

    • Simbolik: Solidity Debugger VS Code plugin by Runtime Verification.

    • Introducing shadow-reth

    • Introducing Open-Binius!

Hacks and Scams 🚹

NORMIE

Loss ~ $881K

  • NORMIE memecoin on the Base network exploited, resulting in a loss of 224.98 ETH (approx. $881,686).

  • Our QuillShield AI agent detected the same vulnerability in just one second.

  • Exploit due to a smart contract vulnerability that allowed unauthorized minting of tokens.

  • Attacker used 2 ETH from Sushi Router to swap for 171,955 NORMIE tokens, then matched the token deployer’s balance by swapping 5 million NORMIE tokens.

  • Vulnerable _get_premarket_user function added attacker’s address to the premarket user list by matching the team wallet balance.

  • Flash loan of 11,333,141 NORMIE tokens taken, with 9,066,513 swapped for 65.97 ETH to manipulate token supply.

  • Remaining tokens used in Uniswap V2 pair and skim function to withdraw assets.

  • Logic flaws in _transfer and swapAndLiquify functions allowed bypassing checks and minting additional tokens.

  • Token supply inflated to 650 billion NORMIE tokens; attacker profited 224.98 ETH (approx. $881,686).

  • Exploiter manipulated contract permissions, used flash loan to drain the contract, bought tokens at no cost, and sold them.

Meta Dragon

Loss ~ $180k

  • Over 4000 NFTs were compromised in the MetaDragon hack on 28th May 2024, with community members losing approximately 2400 NFTs after deductions for the META fund and marketing.

  • The NFT contract remains insecure; users are advised to refrain from minting new NFTs.

  • Significant losses were incurred by community members, investors, and liquidity providers.

  • MetaDragon plans to compensate each NFT at a rate of "10,000 META + 0.15 BNB".

  • Total compensation amounts to approximately 24 million META and 360 BNB.

  • The compensation process will begin gradually with updates provided on progress.

  • Some partners and major holders have expressed willingness to postpone their claims, prioritizing the compensation of other members, which is deeply appreciated by the MetaDragon team.

Community Spotlight

QuillAudits at Consensus 2024