$ETH Ethereum is a blockchain platform for decentralized applications (dApps) and smart contracts. It was launched in 2015 by Vitalik Buterin and his team. Unlike Bitcoin, Ethereum is not only a cryptocurrency (Ether - ETH), but also a programmable platform.

Key Features:

1. Smart Contracts: They are automated and secure digital contracts.

2. dApps: Decentralized finance (DeFi) forms the basis of many applications such as games, NFTs.

3. Ether (ETH): Used for the local currency and transaction fees of the Ethereum network.

Advantages:

• Programmability: Provides flexibility to developers.

• Broad Ecosystem: It is one of the leading platforms with numerous applications and protocols.

• Security: It offers high security thanks to its decentralized structure.

Disadvantages:

• High Transaction Fees: “gas fee” costs may increase due to density.

• Scalability Issues: Needs continuous improvement for higher processing volume.

Ethereum 2.0, one of Ethereum's recent major updates, includes the transition to the Proof of Stake (PoS) model to improve energy efficiency and expand transaction capacity.