The U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has issued final regulations requiring decentralized finance (DeFi) brokers to report the gross proceeds from digital asset transactions and provide customers with Form 1099, collecting user transaction information such as names and addresses. The regulations apply to front-end service providers that interact directly with users, such as entities offering access portals to decentralized protocols, but exclude the protocols themselves. The rules place DeFi brokers under the same tax reporting obligations as traditional securities brokers and are set to take effect on January 1, 2027.