Bitcoin is a type of digital currency that is the first and most famous cryptocurrency. It was introduced in 2009 by a person or group of people under the pseudonym "Satoshi Nakamoto". It is based on blockchain technology, which allows for a decentralized and secure system for recording financial transactions.
The most prominent characteristics of Bitcoin:
1. **Decentralization**: It is not controlled by any government or central financial institution.
2. **Peer-to-peer**: It relies on the peer system in its exchange, which facilitates direct transactions between users.
3. **Security and privacy**: It relies on encryption techniques to ensure security and privacy.
4. **Limited supply**: It is estimated that the total number of units that can be mined of Bitcoin reaches 21 million Bitcoin, which helps limit inflation.