In his latest blog, Vitalik Buterin discusses strategies to reduce the risks of centralization in Ethereum, especially in the context of Proof-of-Stake (PoS) and the upcoming “Scourge” upgrade.
The amount of ether in accumulation addresses has increased by 65% this year, reflecting growing institutional interest in the network. Buterin is focused on potential threats to decentralization arising from economic pressure on PoS.
Main risks of centralization #PoS
Buterin highlights two key areas: block creation and raising capital for staking.
1. Block Creation: The Maximum Extractable Value (MEV) problem is becoming increasingly important. Currently, 88% of blocks $ETH are created by two participants, which increases the risk of censorship and can lead to transaction delays. Buterin proposes a solution in the form of an encrypted mempool, which can make it more difficult to censor transactions, although its implementation remains challenging.
2. Capital Provision: Currently, about 30% of Ether is staked, which is enough to protect against 51% attacks. However, increasing this percentage to 100% may cause problems such as reduced penalties for rule violations and excessive emission of new Ether, which threatens decentralization #Ethereum .
Buterin emphasizes that a balance must be found between staker control and #MEV capabilities in order to preserve the decentralized nature of the network.
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