Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has revealed the next steps to enhance the network’s Proof of Stake (PoS) system, highlighting three key areas:
Improve the finality of a single slot in blockchain blocks.
Expand the possibility of participating in the allocation.
Increase auditor engagement.
Despite the huge success of the “merge” upgrade, which transformed Ethereum from a proof-of-work (mining) mechanism and system to proof-of-stake, Ethereum founder Buterin pointed out that there are areas that need improvement to ensure stability and mitigate the risks of centralization.
Technical improvements:
One of the most notable proposed developments is to reduce block finalization time from 15 minutes to 12 seconds, or even 4 seconds, by implementing single-slot finalization.
This will greatly improve the user experience, especially in the core layers and DeFi operations.
Staking democracy is also one of the most prominent challenges currently, as the minimum required to participate in staking is 32 ETH, which constitutes an obstacle for many individuals.
Buterin proposed lowering the minimum to 1 Ethereum to encourage more individuals to participate.
To achieve these goals, Buterin proposes improvements to signature assembly using techniques such as ZK-SNARKs to speed up the processing.
He also introduced an idea called “orbit committees,” which are medium-sized committees randomly selected to ensure network security.
Buterin proposed a two-tier betting model, where there are two classes of participants, one with higher deposit requirements and one with lower ones, which promotes wider participation while maintaining security.
Ultimately, Buterin emphasized that the goal is to strike a balance between simplicity of implementation and system efficiency, while ensuring that a protocol is developed that is easy to implement on the mainnet.
