According to BlockBeats, Russian President Putin signed a law regulating the taxation of digital currencies. Digital currencies are recognized as property and are applicable for foreign trade payments under the EPR framework. Mining and selling of digital currencies are exempt from value-added tax. Mining infrastructure operators must report service usage to tax authorities, with late reporting incurring a fine of 40,000 rubles. Digital currencies obtained through mining are considered tangible income and taxed based on market quotes, taking into account mining expense deductions. Income from the circulation of digital currencies is taxed at a two-stage tax rate, with corporate income tax being taxed at a standard rate of 25% starting in 2025.