According to data from the $CKB browser, #Nervos CKB’s entire network computing power has exceeded 200 PH/s, setting a record high.

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For blockchains that use the #PoW consensus mechanism, the higher the computing power of the entire network, the more difficult it is to launch a 51% attack. That is, the higher the computing power, the more secure the network.

今天这篇文章，字节君将向大家简单地介绍 CKB 挖矿的相关知识。需要特别说明的是，各个国家国情的不同，挖矿行为的合法性也存在差异，而且挖矿收益会受到多种因素的影响，这篇文章的主要目的是科普，不构成任何投资建议。

Introduction to CKB Mining Algorithm

CKB adopts the PoW (Proof of Work) scheme, in which the consensus protocol is NC-Max (an upgraded version of the Satoshi Nakamoto consensus). NC-Max retains the advantages of NC (Nakamoto Consensus) while improving its performance limit and ability to resist selfish mining attacks. If you want to learn more about NC-Max, welcome to read "The Way of NC-Max" and "NC-Max: Making the Satoshi Consensus Great Again" (Part 1, Part 2).

The CKB mining algorithm uses the self-developed Eaglesong. Welcome to read "Magic Equipment Recommendation: Eagle Song Bow - Nervos CKB Hash Algorithm" to learn more.

CKB’s mining difficulty adjustment target

Simply put, the mining difficulty is adjusted every epoch. An epoch is about 4 hours. The adjustment target is:

  • Current block time adjustment range: 8s ~ 48s

  • Target uncle block rate: 2.5%

Currently, CKB’s mining difficulty is 2.29 EH.

Introduction to CKB Mining Reward Mechanism

The block rewards of CKB miners include: basic (issuance) reward, secondary (issuance) reward, submission reward and proposal reward, as shown in the figure below:

图片其中，基础奖励来源于 CKB 的一级发行（基础发行），总量为 336 亿 CKB，大约每 4 年减半，发行机制与比特币类似。在微观层面，每个周期（Epoch）的基础奖励是一个固定值，一个周期的目标时间为 4 小时，也就是说当一个周期内的出块间隔时间变长，出块数量减少的时候，每个区块的出块奖励会随之增多，反之依然。

The secondary rewards come from CKB’s secondary issuance mechanism, which is carried out simultaneously with the basic issuance. The number of secondary issuances issued each year is fixed, which is 1.344 billion CKB/year. The part allocated to miners is affected by the state occupancy rate on the CKB chain. The higher the state occupancy rate on the CKB chain, the miners can obtain CKB in the secondary issuance. The higher the ratio.

For more information about CKB’s primary issuance and secondary issuance mechanisms, please read “Understanding CKB’s Economic Model and Its Clever Design in One Article”.

Submission rewards and proposal rewards come from transaction fees on the CKB chain. The reason why the transaction transfer fee is divided into two parts is because NC-Max adopts a two-step transaction confirmation solution in order to eliminate the bottleneck of block propagation delay, which will not be explained here.

It is important to note that the block reward for a block with block height N will be issued through cellbase at block N+11.

Current status of CKB mining

CKB mining began on May 18, 2019. After the CKB test network Rylai was launched, and before the CKB main network Lina was launched, CKB mining has experienced a change from CPU mining to GPU mining.

After the CKB mainnet went online, FPGA mining machines gradually began to emerge. The computing power of the CKB network was in a period when FPGA mining machines and GPU mining machines coexisted. After March and April 2020, CKB mining gradually shifted to ASIC mining machines. period.

现在挖 CKB 必须要购买第三方矿机厂商研发的 ASIC 专业矿机。

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由于 ASIC 矿机更新换代快，所以建议去第三方的 CKB 矿池页面查询哪些矿机能挖 CKB：

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来源：https://www.f2pool.com/miners?currency_code=ckb

Mining pools that support CKB

Since a small amount of computing power cannot obtain block rewards in the CKB mining competition, mining pools emerged: miners with CKB computing power unite together, cooperate to produce blocks, and finally distribute rewards according to certain rules.

The mining pools that support CKB mining are:

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