According to Blockworks, Mina, a blockchain based on zero-knowledge proof, has launched an upgrade called Berkeley. The design of the Mina blockchain enables it to maintain a constant size of 22KB, a design that makes verification efficient and storage requirements small. The Mina mainnet only stores the result proof, pushing the calculation off-chain. Brandon Kase, CEO of O1labs, said Mina can be seen as the first functional zk rollup. Mina is an evolving "proof of everything", and off-chain calculations include proof generation and sorting, which means that Mina is decentralized from the beginning, which is what Ethereum's second layer is now pursuing. The Berkeley upgrade has been in progress for three years and adds a long-missing programmable layer to Mina. Kase said that decentralization has always been a core concern, "We always make decisions to sacrifice performance for decentralization." All zk rollups have the ability to provide user transaction privacy, but the current rollup is more focused on the scalability advantages of zk technology. Mina's distributed computing method spreads tasks across multiple machines, each of which handles specific computing needs. This supports processing large amounts of data and maintaining privacy because the original data can also be kept off-chain. Mina's base layer is designed to be transparent, which means that core transactions and activities on the blockchain are visible and accessible to all participants. This transparency ensures openness and allows anyone to verify the validity of transactions and data on the network.