According to ChainCatcher, crypto data analyst Kofi data shows that in May, the Base network achieved an on-chain profit of $6.98 million, the highest among all L2 networks. Optimism was second, with an on-chain profit of $1.57 million. Scroll, Arbitrum and Linea ranked 3rd to 5th. On-chain profit is equal to L2 gas fee income minus the cost of publishing batches and verifying proofs on L1.