Encryption is the process of converting information or data into an unreadable form, so that it can only be understood by authorized persons or systems. Encryption is used to protect data during storage or transmission, and is an essential tool in securing information in areas such as:

1. **Cybersecurity**: To protect sensitive information from unauthorized access.

2. **E-commerce**: To ensure the security of financial transactions.

3. **Communications**: To secure messages and calls.

There are different types of encryption, including:

- **Symmetric encryption**: Where a single key is used for encryption and decryption.

- **Asymmetric encryption**: Where two different keys (a public key and a private key) are used to secure data.

Encryption techniques help maintain privacy and confidentiality of information in an increasingly connected world.