Written by: a16z crypto editorial team
Compiled by: zhouzhou, BlockBeats
Editor's Note: This article mainly discusses the connection and interaction between creators and technology, pointing out the potential of blockchain and NFT in creation, ownership and community connection. Despite the growing demand for enforcing on-chain royalties, there are still challenges in distinguishing different types of NFT transfers. Newer royalty designs attempt to strike a balance between ensuring royalty payments and the composability of NFTs, while introducing two new ways to utilize incentive mechanisms.
The following is the original text (for easier reading and understanding, the original content has been deleted and reorganized):
This article discusses the relationship between creators and technology, specifically how blockchain and NFTs hold promise for creation, ownership, and community interaction. While there is growing interest in enforcing creator royalties on the blockchain, there are still difficulties in distinguishing between different types of NFT transactions. Recent royalty designs attempt to ensure that royalties are paid while keeping NFTs flexible. In addition, two new ways to leverage incentives are introduced.
Special report: Restoring the economic ecology of creators
By Chris Dixon
This should be a golden age for creators: Today, technologies like the internet, media hosting sites, streaming platforms, social media, and mobile devices have given creators equal opportunity and wider audience access than ever before. Yet, most creators today still struggle to maintain a healthy income from their work.
While technology platforms have helped us discover and connect more artists, especially independent creators, creators are still dependent on a handful of technology companies that hold the power and make all the decisions for them. While these companies are completely dependent on the user base using their platforms and apps, they do not share much control, ownership, or revenue with these creators.
Large creators may be able to cope, but small and medium-sized creators have difficulty thriving. The key question is how to return control to where it belongs - creators and fans. A future defined by blockchain will return power to creators and users. Blockchain represents ownership, and ownership means independence.
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Source: Creators use blockchain technology to unlock new possibilities
This week, we launched Voices Onchain, showcasing creators who are using blockchain technology to unlock new creative possibilities. They are using blockchain to build deeper connections with their fans and explore more ways to monetize. Click the link below to learn about the first creators and help nominate other artists/creators who are also working on blockchain.
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About "Art, Authenticity and Anarchism" - FEWOCiOUS began creating artwork at the age of 13. After selling his first painting at the age of 17, he continued to create and sell artworks through a series of successful NFT releases, including auctions in partnership with Christie's.
About "The Creator's Path to Self-Sovereignty: The Answer Lies in Themselves" - Latashá is a music artist, world builder, and emerging technology enthusiast. She founded TOPIA, a Web3 media brand dedicated to guiding and highlighting independent artists; she also served as the community leader of the NFT company ZORA. As a singer-songwriter, rapper, producer, and performing artist, Latashá combines technologies such as NFT and MIDI controllers to create.
About "Art and Wonder in the Age of Machine Intelligence" — Refik Anadol is an internationally renowned media artist (visiting researcher and lecturer at the UCLA Department of Design Media Arts). Last year, one of his artworks was collected by MoMA (Museum of Modern Art in New York), becoming the first time that the institution has included tokenized artwork in its permanent collection. Anadol's NFT designs cover data block sculptures, quantum computing, and space metaverse projects in collaboration with NASA JPL.
About "Telling the Creator's Journey: Pleased 2 Meet U" - Emily Yang, also known as pplpleasr, is a multidisciplinary artist and co-founder of Shibuya, a decentralized content studio. She went from creating visual effects for films such as (Batman v Superman), (Wonder Woman) and (Star Trek: Beyond), as well as advertisements and games, to defining the visual style of the DeFi movement and creating the first NFT cover for (Fortune) magazine.
On Community-Owned Roles and the Power of Decentralized Media
By Cuy Sheffield (2021)
Every day we consume popular entertainment that is centered around characters. A successful group of characters can become the basis of a franchise that spans decades (think Star Wars, Marvel, or Harry Potter) and is successfully integrated into products across a variety of platforms and media types.
However, most successful characters are owned as intellectual property by a single company. This means fans have no governance rights, let alone direct ownership, and can only passively consume the products and storylines that the company decides to create.
Today, blockchain and crypto technologies offer a new model for character development and ownership that not only deconstructs creative media, but also lowers the barrier to entry for online communities to introduce new characters. These technologies allow characters to more fully represent the communities that support them.
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Creators, Creativity and Technology
with Bob Iger (2022)
In this in-depth conversation with Disney CEO Bob Iger, the interplay of technology, content, and distribution is discussed. The conversation covers the journeys of multiple creators, especially as the industry evolves: from TV and cable to the rise of the Internet/Web 1.0, to Web 2.0 and distribution models like streaming and business models like advertising, to Web3 and emerging technologies like virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).
The podcast also discusses hot topics related to intellectual property (IP), decentralization, remote work, and other topics of concern to everyone from companies to community builders: such as the innovator’s dilemma, whether to choose to build or acquire, how to manage creative people, etc.
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Related content:
Art about technology, technology about art
with Simon Denny & Sonal Chokshi
We know that technology changes art, and artists evolve with each new technology. It’s a story that has existed since the beginning of humanity, from cave paintings to computers. Behind it is an endless debate about invention and hybridity, commerce and art, marginal art and classic art, and how art can reach new audiences.
In this episode of a16z’s Web3 podcast, Berlin-based contemporary artist Simon Denny discusses how artists are experimenting on emerging technology platforms like web browsers, iPhones, and social media, how generative art is finding its “native” medium on the blockchain, and why NFTs are in the spotlight; whether we’re in a globalized online monoculture, and more.
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How NFT Royalties Work: Design, Challenges, and New Ideas
By: Michael Blau, Scott Duke Kominers, and Daren Matsuoka
In the secondary sale of NFTs, automatically executed royalties have always been an important value proposition. Ideally, creators can set royalties on the chain, and royalties will be automatically paid no matter where the work is sold on the Internet, without relying on the market or other third parties to fulfill royalties in good faith.
However, the need for on-chain enforcement of royalties has outpaced progress on actual implementation. The problem is that it is difficult to distinguish which NFT transfers are sales for which royalties should be paid, and which are other types of transfers (such as users transferring between their own wallets, sending NFTs as gifts, etc.). Newer royalty designs attempt to address this challenge by identifying different types of transfers and enforcing royalties where appropriate, but these mechanisms struggle with strict royalty enforcement (guaranteed royalty payments) and composability (NFTs with other chains). There is a significant trade-off between the ability to interact with an application.
This article discusses the pros and cons of existing NFT royalty designs and their balance between enforcing royalties and achieving composability. The authors introduce two new NFT royalty approaches that use incentives to drive market participants to respect royalties. The goal is not to advocate for a particular approach, but to help developers consider different design options and their associated trade-offs when building NFT royalty designs.
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