According to TechFlow, GOAT Network, which claims to be "the first Bitcoin Layer 2 with shared network ownership", has released an economic white paper, which explains its economic model and Bitcoin sustainable income solution. The white paper describes how GOAT Network copes with security challenges and limited income issues, and uses a decentralized sorter framework with shared rewards to generate sustainable income for Bitcoin holders.

GOAT Network stated that its platform combines decentralized sorters, BitVM2 and zkVM technologies, inheriting the security of the Bitcoin mainnet while meeting the diverse needs of investors and providing a new development direction for the Bitcoin Layer 2 ecosystem.