Interactions Between the Four Concepts of $PROM

- Execution and Consensus Execution relies on a consensus mechanism to ensure that all nodes agree on the outcome of transactions. Once a transaction is executed, a consensus protocol determines whether it should be included in the blockchain.

- Execution and Settlement

Execution changes the state of the blockchain, while settlement confirms these changes and makes them final. Effective execution must be followed by settlement to ensure the finality of the transaction.

- Data Availability and Consensus

Consensus requires that all nodes have access to the data needed to validate transactions. Ensuring data availability is essential for nodes to effectively participate in the consensus process.

- Data Availability and Settlement For a transaction to be settled, all relevant data must be available to ensure its validity. Unavailability of data can lead to disputes and undermine the finality of transactions.

In short, these four concepts are interconnected and collectively ensure that blockchain transactions are executed correctly, permanently settled, data remains accessible to everyone, and consensus is achieved among network participants.