So What really happend ?
Back in May 2022, something shocking happened to a cryptocurrency called LUNC. Its price dropped from $119 to nearly $0 in just one day! Let’s break down the events in a simple way so new traders and beginers can understand.
Luna and Mechanism of Peggin with US Dollar- In simple terms.
Terraform Labs managed, the company co-founded by the in-famous Do Kwon managed two tokens: TerraUSD (UST) and Luna.
UST was an "algorithmic stablecoin" (No physical Pegging using FIAT) meant to stay equal to $1.
Luna was a regular crypto token like $BTC or $BNB , designed to help UST keep its $1 value through a system called arbitrage.
Here’s how the system worked:
If UST fell below $1, investors could buy it at the lower price and exchange it for $1 worth of Luna. This increased demand for UST, pushing its price back to $1.
This process was supposed to stabilize UST’s value while using Luna as the balancing tool.
What went wrong ?
UST Lost Its $1 Value (Depeg):
One day, UST dropped below $1 due to a massive sell-off. For example, imagine UST being worth only $0.80. People rushed to exchange their UST for $1 worth of LUNC to make a profit.LUNC Supply Exploded:
As more UST was converted, new LUNC was created (minted). This caused LUNC’s supply to skyrocket—billions of new tokens were printed in days.Market Panic:
With LUNC flooding the market, its price started dropping fast. Investors panicked, selling off both LUNC and UST, making the situation worse.Flawed System Design:
The algorithm that linked UST and LUNC couldn’t handle the massive sell-offs. Instead of stabilizing the system, it created a feedback loop that led to total collapse.
The Aftermath
LUNC Crashed Over 99.99%: A token that was once worth over $100 became almost worthless.
UST Holders Lost Everything: Many people who trusted the “stablecoin” lost huge amounts of money.
Confidence in the Terra Ecosystem Collapsed: This event became a cautionary tale about the risks of algorithmic stablecoins.
The failure of LUNC and UST serves as a stark reminder to research and understand the risks behind complex crypto systems before investing.