Vitalik Buterin published "Possible futures of the Ethereum protocol, part 3: The Scourge", with the following key goals: Minimize the centralization risk of the Ethereum staking layer; Minimize the risk of extracting too much value from users. Solving the bottleneck of block construction centralization, staking centralization due to economic reasons, 32 ETH minimum staking requirements, and hardware requirements will help the decentralized development of Ethereum.