According to Cointelegraph, Botswana's central bank has assessed the country's local cryptocurrency markets as underdeveloped, resulting in minimal risks to financial stability. Despite this, the bank emphasizes the need for regulatory measures to mitigate potential future risks associated with digital assets.
In its Financial Stability Report, the central bank highlighted the growing interconnectedness of the cryptocurrency market with the broader financial system, which could pose systemic risks. Systemic risk refers to a chain reaction of failures within the financial system that could lead to an economic downturn. While the current impact of cryptocurrencies on Botswana's financial stability is minimal, the bank stresses the importance of establishing oversight frameworks to address potential future challenges. The Bank of Botswana stated, "Domestically, risks emanating from crypto assets are minimal but ongoing misconduct in the segment presents regulatory concerns. Regulators therefore need to develop effective oversight frameworks for the sector."
The report also noted that Botswana's virtual asset markets are still in the developmental stage and are relatively unsophisticated, which limits their impact on financial stability. Additionally, the central bank pointed out that risks from financial technology, in general, are currently minimal but could increase as technological innovations become more prevalent in local markets.
While cryptocurrencies do not pose a direct threat to financial stability, the Bank of Botswana identified the use of digital payment instruments for money laundering and terrorist financing as one of the top national security risks stemming from the financial sector. The bank noted, "The evolution of digital platforms and digital payment instruments that promote anonymity of transactions present an opportunity for money laundering in the financial sector." The complexity of financial technology developments allows illicit funds to be transferred globally with low detection risks.
To address these concerns, the central bank urged regulators to ensure that virtual asset service providers, such as cryptocurrency exchanges, comply with Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter Financing of Terrorism (CFT) regulations. The bank also recommended enhanced market surveillance and frequent collaboration with law enforcement agencies to detect and prevent illegal activities.